NCT is the official journal of the Mexican Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (Sociedad Mexicana de Neumología y Cirugía de Tórax, A.C.) and the National Institute of Respiratory Diseases Ismael Cosío Villegas. It was founded in 1939 under the title Revista Mexicana de Tuberculosis y Enfermedades del Aparato Respiratorio. As of January 2010, it merged with the Revista del Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias.

Neumología y Cirugía de Tórax (NCT) is published quarterly in both print and electronic formats as an open-access journal in Spanish, and electronically in English. Its aim is to promote scientific dissemination in the field of respiratory medicine and related specialties, including basic, clinical, translational, and epidemiological research. All articles published in NCT undergo peer review, and the journal’s editorial board is composed of distinguished national and international experts.