<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2013000400004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[On polarization of the fluorescence in erbium-doped fibers]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stepanov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ensenada BC]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>302</fpage>
<lpage>308</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2013000400004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2013000400004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2013000400004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Theoretical evaluations of polarization degree of the fluorescence excited in erbium doped fibers (EDF) dependence on the excitation light power are presented. In calculations we use the model of randomly oriented and not interacting Er3+ ions. Assumption of the reduced optical anisotropy of the individual ions (with the absorption/emission cross-sections described with the ellipsoids) is shown to be necessary to get a reasonable agreement with the existing experimental data. Similar values of the anisotropy parameters (0.6-0.7) are also utilized to explain the experimental data on polarization hole burning in EDF earlier.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Erbium doped fibers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[polarization hole burning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fluorescence]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Research</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>              <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>On polarization of the fluorescence in erbium&#45;doped fibers</b></font></p>              <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>L. O. Mart&iacute;nez&#45;Mart&iacute;nez, E. Hern&aacute;ndez&#45;Hern&aacute;ndez, and S. Stepanov</b></font></p>              <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>          <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>Centro de Investigaci&oacute;n Cient&iacute;fica y de Educaci&oacute;n Superior de Ensenada, Carretera Ensenada&#45;Tijuana, No. 3918, Zona Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, BC, M&eacute;xico. </i>e&#45;mail: <a href="mailto:lomartin@cicese.edu.mx">lomartin@cicese.edu.mx</a><a href="mailto:lomartin@cicese.edu.mx"></a>.</font></p>              <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>              <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Received 15 January 2013    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br>     Accepted 18 February 2013</font></p>              <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>              <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>              <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Theoretical evaluations of polarization degree of the fluorescence excited in erbium doped fibers (EDF) dependence on the excitation light power are presented. In calculations we use the model of randomly oriented and not interacting Er<sup>3+</sup> ions. Assumption of the reduced optical anisotropy of the individual ions (with the absorption/emission cross&#45;sections described with the ellipsoids) is shown to be necessary to get a reasonable agreement with the existing experimental data. Similar values of the anisotropy parameters (0.6&#45;0.7) are also utilized to explain the experimental data on polarization hole burning in EDF earlier.</font></p>          <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:</b> Erbium doped fibers; polarization hole burning; fluorescence. </font></p> 	         <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	         <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 42.81.&#45;i; 32.50.+d </font></p> 	         <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	         <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmf/v59n4/v59n4a4.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>              ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>              <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. G. P. Agrawal, <i>"Fiber&#45;optic Communication Systems"</i> (John Wiley &amp; Sons, N.Y., 1997).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388043&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>              <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2. P. C. Becker, N. A. Olsson, and J. R. Simpson, <i>"Erbium&#45;Doped Fiber Amplifiers: Fundamentals and Technology"</i> (Academic, San Diego, 1999).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388045&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">3. M. J. F. Digonnet ed. <i>"Rare&#45;Earth&#45;Doped Fiber Lasers and Amplifiers. Second Edition, Revised and Expanded"</i> (Marcel Dekker,N.Y.,2001).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388047&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">4. E. Delavaque, T. Georges, M. Monerie, and P. Lamouler, and J. F. Bayon, <i>IEEE Phot. Technol. Lett.</i> <b><i>5</i></b> (1983) 73&#45;75.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388049&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">5. J. L. Philipsen and A. Bjarklev, <i>IEEE J. Quantum Electron.</i> <b><i>33</i></b> (1997) 845&#45;854.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388051&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>              <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">6. J. L. Philipsen, J. Broeng, A. Bjarklev, S. Helmfrid, D. Bremberg, B. Jaskorzynska, and B. Palsdottir, <i>IEEE J. Quantum Electron.</i> <b><i>35</i></b> (1999) 1741&#45;1749.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388053&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">7. D. Khoptyar, J. Gierschner, and H.&#45;J. Egelhaaf <i>"Migration assisted nonlinear quenching in random media"" JOSA B</i> <b>24</b> (2007) 1527&#45;1534.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388055&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">8. S. Stepanov, <i>J. Phys.D</i><b><i>41</i></b> (2008) 224002.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388057&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">9. M. D. Feuer, <i>IEEE Phot. Tech. Lett.</i> <b>10</b> (1998) 1587&#45;1589.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388059&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">10. S. A. Havstad, B. Fischer, A. E. Willner, and M. G. Wickham, <i>Opt. Lett.</i> <b><i>24</i></b> (1999) 1466&#45;1468.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388061&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">11 . M. Horowitz, R. Daisy, B. Fischer, and J. Zyskind, <i>Electron. Lett.</i> <b><i>30</i></b> (1994) 648&#45;649.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388063&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">12. R. Paschotta, J. Nilsson, L. Reekie, A. C. Trooper, and D. C. Hanna, <i>Opt. Lett.</i> <b><i>22</i></b> (1997) 41&#45;43.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388065&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400012&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">13. S. Stepanov, F. Perez Cota, A. Nur&iacute;ez Quintero, and P. Rodr&iacute;guez Montero, <i>J. of Holography and Speckle</i> <b><i>5</i></b> (2009) 303&#45;309.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388067&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400013&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>              <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">14. J. L&oacute;pez Rivera, M. Plata S&aacute;nchez, A. Miridonov, and S. Stepanov, <i>Opt. Express</i> <b><i>21</i></b> (2013) 4280&#45;4290.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388069&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400014&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">15. S. Stepanov and M. Plata S&aacute;nchez, <i>Phys. Rev. A</i> <b>80</b> (2009) 053830.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388071&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400015&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">16. V. P. Lebedev and A. K. Przhevuskii, <i>Sov. Phys. Solid State</i> <b>19</b> (1977) 1389&#45;1391.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388073&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400016&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">17. A. S. Rokhmin, N. V. Nikanorov, A. K. Przhevuskii, A. V. Chukharev, and A. M. Ul'yashenko, <i>Optics and Spectrosc.</i> <b>96</b> (2004) 203&#45;209.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388075&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400017&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>              <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">18. L. O. Mart&iacute;nez&#45;Mart&iacute;nez, E. Hern&aacute;ndez&#45;Hern&aacute;ndez, S. Stepanov <i>"Fluorescence depolarization in erbium&#45;doped fibers excited in 1490&#45;1570 nm spectral range""</i> Proc. of <i>Frontiers in Optics</i> (2011) Conference, paper FMN5.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388077&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400018&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">19. S. Stepanov and C. Mmez Santiago, <i>Opt. Commun.</i> <b><i>264</i></b> (2006) 105&#45;115.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388079&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400019&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">20. A. E. Siegman, <i>"Lasers"</i> (University Science Books, Sausalito, 1986).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388081&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400020&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>              <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">21. R. C. Powell, <i>"Physics of Solid&#45;State Laser Materials"</i> (Springer, N.Y., 1998).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388083&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400021&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>              <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">22. P. P. Feofilov, <i>"The physical basis of polarized emission: polarized luminescence ofatoms, molecules, and crystals"</i> (Consultants Bureau, N.Y. 1961).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388085&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400022&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">23. P. Wysocki and V. Mazurczyk, <i>J. Lightwave Technol.</i> <b><i>14</i></b> (1996) 572&#45;584.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388087&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400023&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>              <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">24. J. L. Wagener, D. G. Falquier, M. J. F. Digonnet, and H. J. Shaw, <i>J. Lightwave Technol.</i> <b><i>16</i></b> (1998) 200&#45;206.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388089&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400024&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">25. S. Stepanov and E. Hernandez, <i>Opt. Lett.</i> <b><i>30</i></b> (2005) 1926&#45;1928.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8388091&pid=S0035-001X201300040000400025&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>      ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agrawal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fiber-optic Communication Systems]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[N.Y. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[John Wiley & Sons]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Becker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simpson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers: Fundamentals and Technology]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[San Diego ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academic]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Digonnet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rare-Earth-Doped Fiber Lasers and Amplifiers. Second Edition, Revised and Expanded]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[N.Y. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Marcel Dekker]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delavaque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Georges]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monerie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lamouler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bayon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Phot. Technol. Lett.]]></source>
<year>1983</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>73-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Philipsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bjarklev]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE J. Quantum Electron.]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>845-854</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Philipsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Broeng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bjarklev]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Helmfrid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bremberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaskorzynska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palsdottir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE J. Quantum Electron.]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<page-range>1741-1749</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khoptyar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gierschner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Egelhaaf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.-J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Migration assisted nonlinear quenching in random media]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JOSA B]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>1527-1534</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stepanov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Phys.D]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>224002</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feuer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Phot. Tech. Lett.]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>1587-1589</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Havstad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fischer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Willner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wickham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Opt. Lett.]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>1466-1468</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Horowitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daisy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fischer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zyskind]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Electron. Lett.]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>648-649</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paschotta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nilsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reekie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trooper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Opt. Lett.]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>41-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stepanov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perez Cota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nuríez Quintero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Montero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. of Holography and Speckle]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>303-309</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López Rivera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plata Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miridonov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stepanov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Opt. Express]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>4280-4290</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stepanov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plata Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phys. Rev. A]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>80</volume>
<page-range>053830</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lebedev]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Przhevuskii]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sov. Phys. Solid State]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<page-range>1389-1391</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rokhmin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nikanorov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Przhevuskii]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chukharev]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ul'yashenko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Optics and Spectrosc.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>96</volume>
<page-range>203-209</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stepanov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fluorescence depolarization in erbium-doped fibers excited in 1490-1570 nm spectral range]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stepanov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mmez Santiago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Opt. Commun.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>264</volume>
<page-range>105-115</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siegman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Lasers]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Sausalito ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University Science Books]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Powell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Physics of Solid-State Laser Materials]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[N.Y. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feofilov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The physical basis of polarized emission: polarized luminescence ofatoms, molecules, and crystals]]></source>
<year>1961</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[N.Y. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Consultants Bureau]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wysocki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazurczyk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Lightwave Technol.]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>572-584</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wagener]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Falquier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Digonnet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shaw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Lightwave Technol.]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>200-206</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stepanov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernandez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Opt. Lett.]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>1926-1928</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
