<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2008000600006</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Neutron emission effects on final fragments mass and kinetic energy distribution from low energy fission of234U]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montoya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lobato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Peruano de Energía Nuclear  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería Facultad de Ciencias ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Facultad de Ciencias Físicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2008</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2008</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<fpage>440</fpage>
<lpage>445</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2008000600006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2008000600006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2008000600006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The standard deviation of the final kinetic energy distribution (&#963;e) as a function of mass of final fragments (m) from low energy fission of 234U, measured with the Lohengrin spectrometer by Belhafaf et al., presents a peak around m = 109 and another around m = 122. The authors attribute the first peak to the evaporation of a large number of neutrons around the corresponding mass number, i.e. there is no peak on the standard deviation of the primary kinetic energy distribution (&#963;E) as a function of primary fragment mass (A). The second peak is attributed to a real peak on &#963;E (A). However, theoretical calculations related to primary distributions made by H.R. Faust and Z. Bao do not suggest any peak on &#963;E (A). In order to clarify this apparent controversy, we have made a numerical experiment in which the masses and the kinetic energy of final fragments are calculated, assuming an initial distribution of the kinetic energy without structures on the standard deviation as function of fragment mass. As a result we obtain a pronounced peak on &#963;e (m) curve around m = 109, a depletion from m = 121 to m = 129, and an small peak around m = 122, which is not as great as that measured by Belhafaf et al. Our simulation also reproduces the experimental results on the yield of the final mass Y (m), the average number of emitted neutrons as a function of the provisional mass (calculated from the values of the final kinetic energy of the complementary fragments) and the average value of fragment kinetic energy as a function of the final mass (<img border=0 width=11 height=16 src="/img/revistas/rmf/v54n6/a6s1.jpg">). From our results we conclude that there are no peaks on the &#963;E (A) curve, and the observed peaks on &#963;e (m) are due to the emitted neutron multiplicity and the variation of the average fragment kinetic energy as a function of primary fragment mass.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Las mediciones sobre la desviación estándar de la distribución de energía cinetica final (&#963;e) en función de la masa final (m) de los fragmentos de la fisión de baja energía del 234U, hechas por Belhafaf et al., presentan un pico alrededor de m = 109 y otro alrededor de m = 122. Los autores atribuyen el primer pico a la evaporación de un elevado número de neutrones alrededor del correspondiente número másico, es decir que no hay un pico en la desviación estándar de la distribución de energía cinética primaria en función de la masa primaria (&#963;E(A)) segundo pico es atribuida a un pico real en &#963;E (A). Sin embargo, cálculos teóricos relacionados con la distribución primaria, hechos por H.R. Faust and Z. Bao, no sugieren ningún pico en &#963;E (A). Para clarificar esta aparente controversia, hemos hecho un experimento numérico en el que la distribución de masa y energía cinética final es calculada suponiendo una distribución inicial de energía cinética sin estructuras en su desviación estándar en función de la masa inicial de los fragmentos. Como resultado obtenemos un pico pronunciado en la curva a e (m) alrededor de m = 109, una depresion desde m = 121 hasta m = 129, un pequeño pico alrededor de m = 122, el que no es tan grande como el medido por Belhafaf et al. Nuestra simulación también reproduce los resultados experimentales del rendimiento de la masa final (Y (m), el promedio del número de neutrones emitidos en función de la masa provisional (calculada a partir de los valores de la energía cinetica de los fragmentos complementarios) y del valor promedio de la energía cinética como función de la masa final (<img border=0 width=11 height=16 src="/img/revistas/rmf/v54n6/a6s1.jpg">(m)). De nuestros resultados concluimos que no hay picos en &#963;e(A) y los picos en &#963;e (m) son debidos a la multiplicidad de neutrones emitidos y a la variación de la energía cinetica promedio en función de la masa primaria.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Monte-Carlo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[low energy fission]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[234U]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fragment kinetic energy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[standard deviation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Monte-Carlo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fisión de baja energía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[234U]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[energía cinética de fragmentos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desviación estándar]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Investigaci&oacute;n</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Neutron emission effects on final fragments mass and kinetic energy distribution from low energy fission of<sup>234</sup><i>U</i></b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>M. Montoya<sup>a,</sup><b><sup>b</sup></b>, J. Rojas<sup>a,</sup><sup>c</sup> and I. Lobato<sup>b</sup></b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>&ordf; Instituto Peruano de Energ&iacute;a Nuclear, </i><i>Av. Canad&aacute; 1470, Lima 41, Per&uacute;,</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>b</sup> Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Ingenier&iacute;a, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Apartado Postal 31&#150;139, Lima, Per&uacute;,</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>c</sup> Facultad de Ciencias F&iacute;sicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Venezuela s/n, Apartado Postal 14&#150;0149, Lima &#150; 1, Per&uacute;,</i> e&#150;mail: <a href="mailto:mmontoya@ipen.gob.pe">mmontoya@ipen.gob.pe</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 13 de agosto de 2008    <br> Aceptado el 5 de diciembre de 2008</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">The standard deviation of the final kinetic energy distribution (<i>&sigma;<sub>e</sub></i>) as a function of mass of final fragments (<i>m</i>) from low energy fission of <sup>234</sup><i>U, </i>measured with the Lohengrin spectrometer by Belhafaf <i>et al., </i>presents a peak around <i>m </i>= 109 and another around <i>m </i>= 122. The authors attribute the first peak to the evaporation of a large number of neutrons around the corresponding mass number, <i>i.e. </i>there is no peak on the standard deviation of the primary kinetic energy distribution (<i><i>&sigma;<sub>E</sub></i></i>) as a function of primary fragment mass (<i>A</i>). The second peak is attributed to a real peak on <i>&sigma;<sub>E</sub></i> (A). However, theoretical calculations related to primary distributions made by H.R. Faust and Z. Bao do not suggest any peak on <i>&sigma;<sub>E</sub></i> (A). In order to clarify this apparent controversy, we have made a numerical experiment in which the masses and the kinetic energy of final fragments are calculated, assuming an initial distribution of the kinetic energy without structures on the standard deviation as function of fragment mass. As a result we obtain a pronounced peak on <i><i>&sigma;<sub>e </sub></i></i>(<i>m</i>) curve around <i>m </i>= 109, a depletion from <i>m </i>= 121 to <i>m</i> = 129, and an small peak around <i>m </i>= 122, which is not as great as that measured by Belhafaf <i>et al. </i>Our simulation also reproduces the experimental results on the yield of the final mass <i>Y</i> (<i>m</i>), the average number of emitted neutrons as a function of the provisional mass (calculated from the values of the final kinetic energy of the complementary fragments) and the average value of fragment kinetic energy as a function of the final mass (<img src="/img/revistas/rmf/v54n6/a6s1.jpg">). From our results we conclude that there are no peaks on the <i><i>&sigma;<sub>E</sub></i> </i>(<i>A</i>) curve, and the observed peaks on <i><i>&sigma;<sub>e</sub></i></i> (<i>m</i>) are due to the emitted neutron multiplicity and the variation of the average fragment kinetic energy as a function of primary fragment mass.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords: </b>Monte&#150;Carlo; low energy fission; <sup>234</sup>U; fragment kinetic energy; standard deviation.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Las mediciones sobre la desviaci&oacute;n est&aacute;ndar de la distribuci&oacute;n de energ&iacute;a cinetica final (<i><i><i>&sigma;<sub>e</sub></i></i></i>) en funci&oacute;n de la masa final (<i>m</i>) de los fragmentos de la fisi&oacute;n de baja energ&iacute;a del <sup>234</sup><i>U</i>, hechas por Belhafaf <i>et al., </i>presentan un pico alrededor de <i>m </i>= 109 y otro alrededor de <i>m </i>= 122. Los autores atribuyen el primer pico a la evaporaci&oacute;n de un elevado n&uacute;mero de neutrones alrededor del correspondiente n&uacute;mero m&aacute;sico, es decir que no hay un pico en la desviaci&oacute;n est&aacute;ndar de la distribuci&oacute;n de energ&iacute;a cin&eacute;tica primaria en funci&oacute;n de la masa primaria <i>(<i><i>&sigma;<sub>E</sub></i></i></i>(A)) segundo pico es atribuida a un pico real en <i><i><i>&sigma;<sub>E</sub></i></i> </i>(<i>A</i>). Sin embargo, c&aacute;lculos te&oacute;ricos relacionados con la distribuci&oacute;n primaria, hechos por H.R. Faust and Z. Bao, no sugieren ning&uacute;n pico en <i><i>&sigma;<sub>E </sub></i></i>(A). Para clarificar esta aparente controversia, hemos hecho un experimento num&eacute;rico en el que la distribuci&oacute;n de masa y energ&iacute;a cin&eacute;tica final es calculada suponiendo una distribuci&oacute;n inicial de energ&iacute;a cin&eacute;tica sin estructuras en su desviaci&oacute;n est&aacute;ndar en funci&oacute;n de la masa inicial de los fragmentos. Como resultado obtenemos un pico pronunciado en la curva <i>a<sub>e </sub></i>(<i>m</i>) alrededor de <i>m </i>= 109, una depresion desde <i>m </i>= 121 hasta <i>m </i>= 129, un peque&ntilde;o pico alrededor de <i>m </i>= 122, el que no es tan grande como el medido por Belhafaf <i>et al.</i> Nuestra simulaci&oacute;n tambi&eacute;n reproduce los resultados experimentales del rendimiento de la masa final (<i>Y</i> (<i>m</i>), el promedio del n&uacute;mero de neutrones emitidos en funci&oacute;n de la masa provisional (calculada a partir de los valores de la energ&iacute;a cinetica de los fragmentos complementarios) y del valor promedio de la energ&iacute;a cin&eacute;tica como funci&oacute;n de la masa final (<img src="/img/revistas/rmf/v54n6/a6s1.jpg">(<i>m</i>)). De nuestros resultados concluimos que no hay picos en <i><i>&sigma;<sub>e </sub></i></i>(A) y los picos en <i><i><i>&sigma;<sub>e</sub></i></i></i>(<i>m</i>) son debidos a la multiplicidad de neutrones emitidos y a la variaci&oacute;n de la energ&iacute;a cinetica promedio en funci&oacute;n de la masa primaria.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores: </b>Monte&#150;Carlo; fisi&oacute;n de baja energ&iacute;a; <sup>234</sup><i>U</i>; energ&iacute;a cin&eacute;tica de fragmentos; desviaci&oacute;n est&aacute;ndar.</font></p>     ]]></body>
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<issue>53</issue>
<page-range>366</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
