<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-1101</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de astronomía y astrofísica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. astron. astrofis]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-1101</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Astronomía]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-11012012000100011</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The universal time-evolution of an expanding HII region]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cantó]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ D.F.]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico Instituto de Astronomía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ D.F.]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico Centro de Radiostronomía y Astrofísica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Morelia Michoacán]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>149</fpage>
<lpage>157</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-11012012000100011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-11012012000100011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-11012012000100011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Presentamos nuevos modelos de la expansión de una región HII dentro de un medio uniforme. Con un modelo de capa delgada y con simulaciones hidrodinámicas (+transporte radiactivo) con simetría esférica, demostramos que las regiones HII observadas están en un intervalo de parámetros para el cual existe una solución adimensional universal. Esta ley universal se deriva de los modelos de capa delgada y de las simulaciones numéricas. Una comparación entre estos dos tipos de modelos muestra que el formalismo de capa delgada sólo es válido para las fases tempranas de la expansión de una región HII. Finalmente, tabulamos la "ley universal" (derivada de las simulaciones hidrodinámicas) y damos una aproximación analítica a esta ley, la cual puede ser escalada para obtener el radio en función del tiempo de cualquier regióon HII observada.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[We present new models for the expansion of an HII region into a uniform environment. With a thin-shell model and with full, gasdynamic (+radiative transfer), spherically symmetric simulations, we demonstrate that observed HII regions are in a parameter regime for which there is a universal, dimensionless expansion law. This universal expansion solution is derived from the thin shell model and from the numerical simulations. A comparison between the two types of model shows that the thin shell formalism is valid only for the early phases of the HII region expansion. Finally, we tabulate the "universal law" (derived from the spherically symmetric simulations) and give an analytic approximation to this law, which can be scaled to obtain the radius vs. time of any observed HII region.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[HII regions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ISM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ISM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[stars]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  	  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>The universal time&#150;evolution of an expanding HII region</b></font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>A. C. Raga,<sup>1</sup> J. Cant&oacute;,<sup>2</sup> and L. F. Rodr&iacute;guez<sup>3</sup></b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>1</sup> Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Aut&oacute;noma de Mexico, Apdo. Postal 70&#150;543, 04510 D.F., Mexico.</i> (<a href="mailto:raga@nucleares.unam.mx">raga@nucleares.unam.mx</a>).</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>2</sup> Instituto de Astronom&iacute;a, Universidad Nacional Aut&oacute;noma de Mexico, Apdo. Postal 70&#150;242, 04510 D.F., Mexico.</i></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>3</sup> Centro de Radiostronom&iacute;a y Astrof&iacute;sica, Universidad Nacional Aut&oacute;noma de M&eacute;xico, Apdo. Postal 3&#150;72, (Xangari), 58089 Morelia, Michoac&aacute;n, M&eacute;xico.</i> (<a href="mailto:l.rodriguez@astrosmo.unam.mx">l.rodriguez@astrosmo.unam.mx</a>).</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Received 2011 November 11.    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br> 	Accepted 2012 February 15</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>RESUMEN</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Presentamos nuevos modelos de la expansi&oacute;n de una regi&oacute;n HII dentro de un medio uniforme. Con un modelo de capa delgada y con simulaciones hidrodin&aacute;micas (+transporte radiactivo) con simetr&iacute;a esf&eacute;rica, demostramos que las regiones HII observadas est&aacute;n en un intervalo de par&aacute;metros para el cual existe una soluci&oacute;n adimensional universal. Esta ley universal se deriva de los modelos de capa delgada y de las simulaciones num&eacute;ricas. Una comparaci&oacute;n entre estos dos tipos de modelos muestra que el formalismo de capa delgada s&oacute;lo es v&aacute;lido para las fases tempranas de la expansi&oacute;n de una regi&oacute;n HII. Finalmente, tabulamos la "ley universal" (derivada de las simulaciones hidrodin&aacute;micas) y damos una aproximaci&oacute;n anal&iacute;tica a esta ley, la cual puede ser escalada para obtener el radio en funci&oacute;n del tiempo de cualquier regi&oacute;on HII observada.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>ABSTRACT</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">We present new models for the expansion of an HII region into a uniform environment. With a thin&#150;shell model and with full, gasdynamic (+radiative transfer), spherically symmetric simulations, we demonstrate that observed HII regions are in a parameter regime for which there is a universal, dimensionless expansion law. This universal expansion solution is derived from the thin shell model and from the numerical simulations. A comparison between the two types of model shows that the thin shell formalism is valid only for the early phases of the HII region expansion. Finally, we tabulate the "universal law" (derived from the spherically symmetric simulations) and give an analytic approximation to this law, which can be scaled to obtain the radius vs. time of any observed HII region.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b><i>Key Words:</i></b> HII regions &#151; ISM: evolution &#151; ISM: kinematics and dynamics &#151; stars: formation.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmaa/v48n1/v48n1a11.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>ACKNOWLEDGMENTS</b></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">The acknowledge support from the Conacyt grants 61547, 101356 and 101975. We thank an anonymous referee for pointing out a series of mistakes in the first version of this paper.</font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>REFERENCES</b></font></p>      <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">de Pree, C. G., Rodr&iacute;guez, L. F., &amp; Goss, W. 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