<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2007000500013</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Optimal stabilization of unstable periodic orbits embedded in chaotic systems]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Villar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,CINVESTAV-IPN Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México D.F.]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<fpage>415</fpage>
<lpage>420</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2007000500013&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2007000500013&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2007000500013&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[A gradient-flow-based approach is proposed in this paper for stabilizing unstable periodic orbits (UPO) embedded in chaotic systems. In order to obtain an on-line stabilizing solution, the stabilization problem is considered to be an optimal control problem, and system state sensitivities with respect to the control input are introduced. The resulting feedback controller is able to stabilize UPO embedded in both kind of systems, with or without an odd Floquet number. Moreover, the proposed approach is easily extended to identifying the period of the UPO to be stabilized when it is unknown. Simulation experiments of the proposed controller are carried out on the Rössler and the Lorenz systems.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En este artículo se propone un enfoque basado en el flujo gradiente con el propósito de estabilizar órbitas periódicas inestables inmersas en sistemas caóticos. Tal enfoque considera al problema de estabilización como un problema de control óptimo, lo cual permite obtener una solución en línea al problema de interés, para lo cual se introduce el cálculo de las sensibilidades de los estados con respecto a la entrada de control. El controlador por retroalimentación resultante permite estabilizar órbitas periódicas inestables inmersas en ambas clases de sistemas caoticos, con o sin número de Floquet impar. Además, el enfoque propuesto se extiende para identificar el periodo de la órbita periódica inestable a ser estabilizada, en el caso en que este sea desconocido. Se realizan experimentos de simulación del controlador propuesto, para estabilizar orbitas periódicas inestables de los sistemas de Rössler y de Lorenz.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Optimal stabilization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sensitivity theory]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gradient flow]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[unstable periodic orbits]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estabilización óptima]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[teoría de sensitividad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[flujo gradiente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[órbitas periódicas inestables]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Investigaci&oacute;n</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Optimal stabilization of unstable periodic orbits embedded in chaotic systems</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>C.A. Cruz-Villar</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>Departamento de Ingenier&iacute;a El&eacute;ctrica, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. Instituto Polit&eacute;cnico Nacional No. 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Apartado Postal 14740, M&eacute;xico D.F. 07300 e-mail: <a href="mailto:cacruz@cinvestav.mx">cacruz@cinvestav.mx</a></i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 9 de julio de 2007     <br> Aceptado el 16 de agosto de 2007</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">A gradient-flow-based approach is proposed in this paper for stabilizing unstable periodic orbits (UPO) embedded in chaotic systems. In order to obtain an on-line stabilizing solution, the stabilization problem is considered to be an optimal control problem, and system state sensitivities with respect to the control input are introduced. The resulting feedback controller is able to stabilize UPO embedded in both kind of systems, with or without an odd Floquet number. Moreover, the proposed approach is easily extended to identifying the period of the UPO to be stabilized when it is unknown. Simulation experiments of the proposed controller are carried out on the R&ouml;ssler and the Lorenz systems.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:  </b>Optimal stabilization; sensitivity theory; gradient flow; unstable periodic orbits.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">En este art&iacute;culo se propone un enfoque basado en el flujo gradiente con el prop&oacute;sito de estabilizar &oacute;rbitas peri&oacute;dicas inestables inmersas en sistemas ca&oacute;ticos. Tal enfoque considera al problema de estabilizaci&oacute;n como un problema de control &oacute;ptimo, lo cual permite obtener una soluci&oacute;n en l&iacute;nea al problema de inter&eacute;s, para lo cual se introduce el c&aacute;lculo de las sensibilidades de los estados con respecto a la entrada de control. El controlador por retroalimentaci&oacute;n resultante permite estabilizar &oacute;rbitas peri&oacute;dicas inestables inmersas en ambas clases de sistemas caoticos, con o sin n&uacute;mero de Floquet impar. Adem&aacute;s, el enfoque propuesto se extiende para identificar el periodo de la &oacute;rbita peri&oacute;dica inestable a ser estabilizada, en el caso en que este sea desconocido. Se realizan experimentos de simulaci&oacute;n del controlador propuesto, para estabilizar orbitas peri&oacute;dicas inestables de los sistemas de R&ouml;ssler y de Lorenz.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores:  </b>Estabilizaci&oacute;n &oacute;ptima; teor&iacute;a de sensitividad; flujo gradiente; &oacute;rbitas peri&oacute;dicas inestables.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 05.45.Gg; 05.45.Pq</font></p>     ]]></body>
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