<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-5546</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Computación y Sistemas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Comp. y Sist.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-5546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Computación]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-55462005000200006</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Quantifying Contrast Methods through Morphological Gradient]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Métodos para Cuantificar el Contraste a través del Gradiente Morfológico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendiola-Santibañez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge D]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Terol-Villalobos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iván R]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Querétaro México]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,CIDETEQ  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Querétaro México]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2005</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2005</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>317</fpage>
<lpage>333</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-55462005000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-55462005000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-55462005000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[In this work two quantifying contrast models are proposed. The first contrast measure method employs the concept denominated difference of contrast; while the second one takes in consideration the luminance gradient concept. These models allow the selection of the best parameters in a group of output images obtained from the application of the morphological toggle mappings with size criteria. These morphological transformations have the characteristic of modifying the output contrast based on some proximity criterion. In order to illustrate the performance of these quantifying contrast models, a number of images were processed and compared at pixel and partition level.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En este trabajo son propuestos dos modelos para cuantificar el contraste. El primer método para evaluar el contraste emplea el concepto denominado diferencia de contraste, mientras que el segundo método toma en consideración el concepto de gradiente de la luminancia. Estos modelos permiten la selección del mejor parámetro en un grupo de imagines de salida obtenidas a partir de la aplicación de los mapeos de contraste morfológicos con criterio de tamaño. Estas transformaciones morfológicas tienen la característica de modificar el contraste de salida basados algún criterio de proximidad. Para ilustrar el comportamiento de estos modelos que permiten cuantificar el contraste, un número de imágenes fueron procesadas y comparadas tanto a nivel píxel como a nivel partición.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Contrast Measure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Toggle Mappings]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Flat Zone]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Partition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Visualization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Medida de Contraste]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mapeos de Contraste]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Zona Plana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Partición]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Visualización.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Art&iacute;culos</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Quantifying Contrast Methods through Morphological Gradient</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>M&eacute;todos para Cuantificar el Contraste a trav&eacute;s del Gradiente Morfol&oacute;gico</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Jorge D. Mendiola&#150;Santiba&ntilde;ez<sup>1</sup>, Iv&aacute;n R. Terol&#150;Villalobos<sup>2</sup></b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>1 Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Quer&eacute;taro    <br>   Doctorado en Ingenier&iacute;a,    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br>   76000, Quer&eacute;taro, M&eacute;xico    <br>   <a href="mailto:mendijor@uaq.mx">mendijor@uaq.mx</a></i></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>2 CIDETEQ, S.C.,    <br>   Parque Tecnol&oacute;gico S/N, San Fandila&#150;Pedro Escobedo, 76700,    <br>   Quer&eacute;taro, M&eacute;xico    <br>   <a href="mailto:famter@ciateq.net.mx">famter@ciateq.net.mx</a></i>    <br>   </font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><u>Article received on september 14, 2004; accepted on march 17, 2005</u></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">In this work two quantifying contrast models are proposed. The first contrast measure method employs the concept denominated difference of contrast; while the second one takes in consideration the luminance gradient concept. These models allow the selection of the best parameters in a group of output images obtained from the application of the morphological toggle mappings with size criteria. These morphological transformations have the characteristic of modifying the output contrast based on some proximity criterion. In order to illustrate the performance of these quantifying contrast models, a number of images were processed and compared at pixel and partition level.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:</b> Contrast Measure, Toggle Mappings, Flat Zone, Partition, Visualization.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">En este trabajo son propuestos dos modelos para cuantificar el contraste. El primer m&eacute;todo para evaluar el contraste emplea el concepto denominado diferencia de contraste, mientras que el segundo m&eacute;todo toma en consideraci&oacute;n el concepto de gradiente de la luminancia. Estos modelos permiten la selecci&oacute;n del mejor par&aacute;metro en un grupo de imagines de salida obtenidas a partir de la aplicaci&oacute;n de los mapeos de contraste morfol&oacute;gicos con criterio de tama&ntilde;o. Estas transformaciones morfol&oacute;gicas tienen la caracter&iacute;stica de modificar el contraste de salida basados alg&uacute;n criterio de proximidad. Para ilustrar el comportamiento de estos modelos que permiten cuantificar el contraste, un n&uacute;mero de im&aacute;genes fueron procesadas y comparadas tanto a nivel p&iacute;xel como a nivel partici&oacute;n.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras Clave:</b> Medida de Contraste, Mapeos de Contraste, Zona Plana, Partici&oacute;n, Visualizaci&oacute;n.</font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="justify"><font size="2" face="verdana"><a href="/pdf/cys/v8n4/v8n4a6.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ARTICULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Acknowledgments</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">The author Jorge D. Mendiola Santiba&ntilde;ez would like to thank CONACyT M&eacute;xico for the financial support. The author I. Terol would like to thank Diego Rodrigo and Dar&iacute;o T.G. for their great encouragement. This work was partially funded by the government agency CONACyT (Mexico) under the grant 41170.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. <b>Agaian, S.S., Panetta, K., and Grigoryan, A.M.:</b> Transform&#150;Based Image Enhancement Algorithms with Performance Measure, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 10(2001) 367&#150;382.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2038878&pid=S1405-5546200500020000600001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2. <b>Ashdown, I.:</b> Luminance gradients: photometric analysis and perceptual reproduction, Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society, 25 (1996) 69&#150;82.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2038879&pid=S1405-5546200500020000600002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">3. <b>Barten, P. 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