The Guayparime S-10 soybean variety originated from the cross between the Nainari (Hector) variety and PI-171443 at the Culiacan Valley Experimental Field (CEVACU) of INIFAP. Using the simple seed offspring method (SSD), we progressed generationally (two generations per year) to F4 where individual plants were harvested to generate lines. During the spring-summer 2004-2004 cycle, the code line Cu04-139 was first evaluated in preliminary yield plots and from 2005 was evaluated in performance trials conducted at CEVACU and in the Valley of Fuerte Experimental Field (CEVAF). Product of the evaluations released the Guayparime S-10 soybean variety, which has resistance to whitefly and geminivirus. During the experimental batch performance evaluations established at CEVACU and CEVAF, Guayparime S-10, Balbuena S-94 and Nainari (Héctor), averaged 2.921, 2.774 and 2.597 t ha^-1, respectively.

Guayparime S-10 produced 127 and 324 kg ha^-1 more than the control varieties, respectively. Also, by enzymatic sequencing it was identified Rhynchosia golden mosaic virus (RhGMV, accession number GenBank at NCBI: KT022086) present in Balbuena S-94 and the virus chinese of tomato (CdTV, accession number GenBank in the NCBI: KT224368) in Nainari. The new variety Guayparime S-10 did not present any virus.

Guayparime S-10 has the definitive registration of the National Catalog of Plant Varieties, 2474-SOY-032-251010/C and registration of breeder’s certificate No. 0967, issued on april 4, 2013 (^{Diario Oficial de la Federación, 2013}). The Guayparime S-10 soybean variety originated from the cross between the Nainari variety (derived from the Suqui 86 variety irradiated with gamma rays of Co⁶⁰) which is a soybean variety adapted to the conditions of northwestern Mexico, high yield potential and whitefly tolerant but susceptible to geminivirus and PI-171443 which is resistant to geminivirus originating in China, crosses were performed in the CEVACU. The development stages of the Guayparime S-10 soybean cultivar are described in Table 1. By means of the simple seed descent (SSD) method, it was generationally advanced (two generations per year) to F4 where individual plants were harvested to generate lines. During the spring-summer 2004-2004 cycle, the code line Cu04-139, which originated the variety Guayparime S-10, was evaluated for the first time in preliminary yield plots and from 2005 was evaluated in yield trials in both the CEVACU and in the CEVAF.

Table 1 Development stages of Guayparime soybean cultivar S-10.  

The main agronomic characteristics of this cultivar can vary according to the environmental conditions of production, management and production system. The plant develops a height that classifies it as a median of 66.5 cm. Its growth habit is determined, its leaf shape and size is elliptical and medium respectively, the flower is violet and the pubescence is brown, the sheath is light brown. The size of the seed is medium and its shape is spherical, with the color of the yellow forehead and the brown hilum. The flowering and maturity (dds) occurs at 48 and 109 days respectively.

Guayparime S-10 has been released for summer plantings in the agricultural areas included within the CEVACU and CEVAF area of influence and similar agroecological conditions under irrigation conditions. Guayparime S-10 presents a high adaptation range for the soy producing areas of north and central Sinaloa under irrigation conditions, where it has been evaluated, stands out for its high tolerance to whitefly damage, resistance to geminivirus and capacity (2.901 t ha^-1 in an average of five cycles and three environments, 2.8 t ha^-1 in average of five cycles in the CEVACU and 3.042 t ha^-1 in average of four cycles in the CEVAF, surpassing in average the varieties Balbuena S-94 and Nainari, considers all levels and in all environments in the CEVAF and CEVACU the same cultivars, respectively (Table 2).

Table 2 Experimental performance (t ha^-1) of Guayparime S-10 and of the Balbuena S-94 and Nainari controls. Average of five agricultural cycles in the Valleys of Culiacán and El Fuerte, Sinaloa, Mexico. 2005-2009.  

The methodology used to evaluate whitefly resistance was by visual observation of the presence of fumagine in the foliage (disease caused by the colonization of saprophytic fungi on the mellifera that secrete the nymphs of the MBHP) that interferes with photosynthesis, reducing the vigor and performance of the plant) and symptoms of geminivirus (blubbing and filleting, a speckling of yellow tones of the foliage is observed and can cause losses of production between 30 and 100% depending on the age of the plant at the time of infection ) using a uniform scale, consisting of a visual score of 1 to 10 for intensity and severity of symptoms, where 1 means absence of symptoms and 10 total infection. During the spring-summer 2005-2005 cycle with the highest whitefly pressure, the Guayparime S-10 variety had a geminivirus rating of 1, while for the Nainari and Balbuena S-94 varieties, it was 6.5 and 7.5, respectively (^{Manjarrez et al., 2009}).

In order to confirm the presence of geminivirus in the Guayparime S-10, Balbuena S-94 and Nainari varieties, foliage DNA was obtained and by enzymatic sequencing Rhynchosia golden mosaic virus (RhGMV, GenBank Accession Number in the NCBI: KT022086) present in Balbuena S-94 and tomato chinese virus (CdTV, GenBank Accession Number in NCBI: KT224368) in Nainari. The new variety Guayparime S-10 did not present any virus. These two viruses, Rhynchosia golden mosaic virus (^{Méndez-Lozano et al., 2006}) and tomato chinese virus (^{Mauricio-Castillo et al., 2014}) have been identified causing damage to soybean in Sinaloa.