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TIP. Revista especializada en ciencias químico-biológicas
Print version ISSN 1405-888X
TIP vol.11 n.2 Ciudad de México Dec. 2008
Artículos de revisión
Construcción de moléculas quirales: alquilación alílica asimétrica
1Depto. de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, UNAM. Av. Universidad 3000, Cd. Universitaria, México D.F., 04510, México.
Una de las estrategias más poderosas para la formación de moléculas quirales complejas es la reacción de alquilación alílica asimétrica catalizada por paládio. Esta reacción ha sido ampliamente estudiada con una gran variedad de sustratos y nucleófilos en diferentes condiciones de reacción, y ha promovido la síntesis de nuevos ligantes quirales para ser evaluados como inductores asimétricos. A pesar de que se conoce el mecanismo por el que opera, así como los equilibrios en que están involucradas las especies activas, el desempeño del sistema catalítico depende de la modulación de factores tales como: tipo de sustrato, naturaleza del nucleófilo, medio de reacción, precursor catalítico y tipo de ligante.
Palabras Clave: Alquilación alílica; catálisis asimétrica; compuestos quirales; paládio
One of most powerful approaches for the formation of complex chiral molecules is the palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation. This reaction has been broadly studied with a great variety of substrates and nucleophiles under different reaction conditions and it has promoted the synthesis of new chiral ligands to be evaluated as asymmetric inductors. Although the mechanisms as well as the active species equilibria are known, the performance of the catalytic system depends on the fine tuning of factors such as: substrate type, nucleophile nature, reaction medium, catalytic precursor and ligand type.
Key Words: Allylic alkylation; asymmetric catalysis; chiral compounds; palladium
Agradecimientos
Los autores agradecen a DGAPA-PAPIIT IN210607 y CONACYT CB060430 por el financiamiento otorgado.
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