Determinación de áreas de erosión potencial en cárcavas: un ejemplo en el centro de México

 

José Luis Palacio Prieto*

 

* Instituto de Geografía, UNAM.

 

Resumen

Por medio de un Sistema, de Información Geográfica se caracterizó la erosión en cárcavas en un municipio del estado de Hidalgo, considerándose para ello a la litología, tipo suelo, pendiente y cubierta del terreno. A partir de dicha caracterización, fueron definidas áreas de condiciones similares a las existentes en áreas ya erosionadas (luvisoles desarrollados, principalmente, sobre basaltos, sujetos a un uso de suelo agrícola o de pastizal), determinando, así, áreas de erosión potencial. Las variables utilizadas explican hasta un 85% de la erosión actual en cárcavas; dada la accesibilidad de las variables y el tiempo empleado en su procesamiento, los resultados derivados del procedimiento se consideran satisfactorios.

 

Abstract

Using a Geographical Information System, gully erosion ocurring in a municipality of the state of Hidalgo, was characterized. The variables involved were lithology, type of soil, slope end landcover. Variables commonly related to gully–eroded areas in the municipality (luvisols developed, mainly, over basalts used for agriculture or grazing) were used to define areas in which gullies can potentially develop. Up to 85% of the present gully erosion can be explained considering the variables mentioned before. Due to the accesibility of the variables and the time involved, the results derived from the procedure are considered satisfactory.

 

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