text new page (beta)
Spanish (pdf)
Article in xml format
Article references
Automatic translation
Send this article by e-mail
Permalink
JEL Classification: I161, J16, J18
Services on Demand
Journal
Article
Indicators
-
Cited by SciELO -
Access statistics
Related links
-
Similars in
SciELO
Share
Investigación económica
Print version ISSN 0185-1667
Inv. Econ vol.61 n.236 Ciudad de México Apr./Jun. 2001
Artículos
Economía y política de la auditoría de presupuestos gubernamentales según sus efectos de género
The economics and politics of auditing goverment budgetsfor their gender impacts
*Profesora asociada de economía, Universidad del Sur de Australia.
Evaluar el presupuesto gubernamental para conocer sus diferentes e inequitativos niveles sobre las mujeres y los hombres funciona como una estrategia practica para controlar y promocionar la igualdad económica y social en ambos géneros y en términos de clase. El interés en los análisis sensibles de género de los presupuestos (o la revisión del presupuesto para conocer sus impactos en el género) ha crecido dentro de un marco de desigualdades persistentes, en la vulnerabilidad económica de las mujeres, en la fase de restructuración económica y de globalización y en los cambios políticos importantes. Este artículo rastrea el desarrollo de los presupuestos desde una perspectiva de género, sus aspectos distintivos y los razonamientos económicos y políticos que apoyan su emergencia. Concluye en un análisis de política económica en el que se destaca la sensibilidad del género en las evaluaciones presupuestarias y destaca la potencialidad de estos ejercicios, pero la realización de esta potencialidad requiere la conjunción de ideas económicas ortodoxas y una política presupuestaria publica y convencional.
Assessing govemment budgets for their potentially different and unequal impact on women and men is emerging as a practical strategy for monitoring and promoting economic and social equality in both gender and class terms. Interest in gender sensitive budget analyses (or auditing the budget for its gendered impacts) has grown in the context of persistent gender inequalities, women's economic vulnerability in the face of economic restructuring and globalization and significant policy shifts. This paper traces the development of gender sensitive budget audits, their distinguishing features and the economic and political rationales which have underpinned their emergence. It concludes that a political economy analysis of gender sensitive budget assessments highlights the potential of these exercises but the realization of this potential requires the contestation of both orthodox economic ideas and policies and conventional budgetary politics.
Bibliografía
Bakker, I. (ed.), The Strategic Silence: Gender and Economic Policy , Zed Books y North-South Institute, Londres y Ottawa, 1994. [ Links ]
Banco Mundial, Entering the 21st Century: World Bank Development Report 1999/2000, Oxford University Press, Nueva York, 1999. [ Links ]
Beasley, C., Sexual Economyths: Conceiving a Feminist Economics, Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 1995. [ Links ]
Beneria, L., "Towards a Greater Integration of Gender in Economics", World Development, 23 (11), 1995, pp. 1839-1850. [ Links ]
Budlender, D. (ed.), The Women's Budget, Institute for Democracy in South Africa, Cape Town, 1996. [ Links ]
______, (ed), The Secon Women´s Budget, Institute for Democracy in South Africa, Cape Town, 1997. [ Links ]
______, "(ed), The Third Women´s Budget, Institute for Democracy in South Africa, Cape Town, 1998. [ Links ]
______, "The South African Women´s Budget, per, núm. 2, Reunion sobre las mujeres y la participación política: retos del siglo XXI, PNUD, India, 24-26 de marzo, 1998b. [ Links ]
______, "The South Africam Women´s Budget Iniciative", preentado al taller de PNUD y UNIFEM sobre Presupuestos con sensibilidad a la pobreza, el género y el medio ambiente, PNUD, Nueva York, 28-30 de junio, 1999. [ Links ]
______, y R. Sharp, con K. Allen, How to do a Gender- Sensitive Budget Analysis: Contemporary Research and Practice, Commonwealth Se cretariat y AusAid, Londres y Canberra, 1998. [ Links ]
Catagay, N., D. Elson y K. Grown, "Introduction to Gender Adjustment and Macroeconomics", World Development , 23 (11), 1995, pp. 1827-1836. [ Links ]
Commonwealth Secretariat, The Development of Policy Options for Governments to Integrate Gender into National Budgetary Policies and Procedures with the Context of Economic Reform: Project Overview, Commonwealth secretariat, Londres, 1997. [ Links ]
______, "A Commonwealth Iniciative to Integrante Gender into National Budgetary Processes", Gender Budget Initiative, Commonwealth Se cretariat, Londres, 1999. [ Links ]
De Bruyn, J. y N. Seidman-Makgetla, "Engendering the budget process", en D. Budlender (ed.) The Second Women 's Budget, Institute for Democracy in South Africa, Cape Town , 1997, pp. 60-77. [ Links ]
Demery, L., "Gender and Public Social Spending: Disaggregating Bene fit Incidence" (mimeo.), Poverty and Social Policy Department, Banco Mundial, Washington, 1996. [ Links ]
Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Women's Budget Program: An Assessment of the Impact on the 1984-1985 Budget, AGPS, Canberra, 1984. [ Links ]
______, Womwn´s Budget Program 1986-1987, AGPS, Camberra, 1986. [ Links ]
Elson, D. , Gender-Neutral, Gender-Neutral, Gender-Blind, or Gender-Sensetive Budget? Changing the Conceptual Framework to Include Women's Empowerment and the Economy of Care, trabajo preparado para la V Conferencia Anual de Ministros Responsables de Asuntos de las Mujeres, Commonwealth Secretariat, Trinidad y Tobago, 1986. [ Links ]
Elson, D., Background Papers on Integrating Gender into National Budgetary Policies and Procedures in the Context of Economic Reform, Commonwealth Secretariat, Londres , 1997. [ Links ]
______, "The Economic, the Political and the Domestic: Businesses, States and Households in the Organisation of Production", New Political Economy 3 (2), 1998ª, pp. 189-208. [ Links ]
______, "Programme Assistance and Gender: A Logframe Synthesis", Workshop on Integrating Gender Issues in Programme Aid, Sector Investment Programmes Market Reform and Other Forms of Economic Policy Assistance, Paris, 1998b. [ Links ]
______, " Gender Budget Iniciative", Background Papers, Commonwealth Secretariat, Londres, 1999. [ Links ]
Elson, D. y N. Catagay, Engendering Macroeconomic Policy and Budgets for Sustainable Human Development, trabajo presentado al Proceso Foro Global sobre Desarrollo Humano, PNUD, Nueva York, 29-31 de julio, 1999. [ Links ]
Folbre, N., "Holding Hands at Midnight: The Paradox of Caring La bour", Feminist Economics 1 (1), 1995, pp.73-92. [ Links ]
"Gender and Adjustment and Macroeconomics", World Development , núm. especial 23 (11), 1995. [ Links ]
Himmelweit, S., "Care and the Budgetary Process", trabajo presentado a Out of the Margin 2, Feminist Approaches to Economics, European Session on Care, Universidad de Amsterdam, 2-5 de junio, 1998. [ Links ]
______, "The UK Women´s Budget Groups: Trying to Make MAcroeconomic Policy More Woman-Friendly and Gender-Aware", trabajo presentado al taller de PNUD y Unifem sobre Presupuestos con sensibilidad a la pobreza, el género y el medio ambiente, PNUD, Nueva York, 28-30 de junio, 1999. [ Links ]
Hurt, K. y D. Budlender (eds.), Money Matters: Women and the Government Budget, Institute for Democracy in South Africa, Cape Town , 1998. [ Links ]
Krug, B. y van Staversen, I., "Gender Audit: Whim or Voice", Public Finance and Gender, 1999. [ Links ]
McKay, F. y C. Bould, Gender Audit 1997, Engender, Edinburgh, 1997. [ Links ]
Nelson, J., "The Study of Choice of the Study of Provisioning", en M. Ferber y J. Nelson (eds.) Beyond Economic Man: Feminist Theory and Economics, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1995. [ Links ]
Reeves, H. y H. Wach, "Women's and Gender Budgets: An Annotated Resource List", Briefings on Gender and Development, núm. 9, Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Estocolmo, 1999. [ Links ]
San Francisco Commission on the Status of Women with Strategic Analyses for Gender Equity, Guidelines for a Gender Analysis of the City Departments in the City and County of San Francisco, San Francisco Commission on the Status of Women, San Francisco y Nueva York, 1999. [ Links ]
Sawer, M., Sisters in Suits: Women and Public Policy in Australia, Allen & Unwin, Syndey, 1990. [ Links ]
______, Femocrats and Ecorats: Women´s Policy Machinery in Australia, Canada and New Zealand, Instituto para el Desarrollo Social de las Naciones Unidas, Ginebra, 1996. [ Links ]
Sen, A., "More then 100 Million Women are Missing", New York Review, diciembre, 1990, pp. 61.66. [ Links ]
Sharp, R., "Women's Budgets", en M. Lewis y J. Peterson (eds.), Elgar Companion to Feminist Economics , E. Elgar, Nueva Jersey, 1999, pp. 764-770. [ Links ]
Sharp, R. y R. Broomhil, Shortchanged: Women and Economic Policies, Allen & Unwin, Sydney , 1989. [ Links ]
______, "Womwn and goverment budgets" Australian Journal of Social Issues 25 (1), 1990, pp. 1-14. [ Links ]
______, "Australian´s Role in the Development of Gender-Sensitive Budgets", trabajo presentado al taller de PNUD y Unifem sobre Presupuestos con sensibilidad a la pobreza, el género y el medio ambiente, PNUD, Nueva York, 28-30 de junio, 1999. [ Links ]
South Australian Government (Gobierno del Sur de Australia), The Budget and its Impact on Women 1986-1987: Financial Information Paper, South Australian Government Printer, Adelaide, 1987. [ Links ]
United Nations Development Program (PNUD), Human Development Report 1999, Oxford University Press, Nueva York , 1999. [ Links ]
Valdeavilla, E., "Making General Appropriations Gender Responsive: The Case of the Philippines", trabajo presentado al taller de PNUD y UNIFEM sobre Presupuestos con sensibilidad a la pobreza, el género y el medio ambiente, PNUD, Nueva York , junio, 1999, pp. 28-30. [ Links ]
Recibido: Mayo de 2000
Este es un artículo publicado en acceso abierto bajo una licencia Creative Commons
