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Investigación económica
Print version ISSN 0185-1667
Inv. Econ vol.59 n.227 Ciudad de México Jan./Mar. 1999
Artículos
La demanda de agua potable en México: Estimaciones preliminares
The Demand for Drinking Water in Mexico: Preliminary Estimates
*Profesor de la Facultad de Economía de la UNAM. Correo electrónico: gapaliza@servidor.unam.mx
**Investigador del Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua (IMTA).
El principal objetivo de este trabajo es estimar una función de demanda de agua potable y sus elasticidades ingreso y precio para México. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el agua potable tiene una elasticidad ingreso menor a uno y una elasticidad precio negativa fuertemente inelástica e incluso probablemente igual a cero. Estos resultados son consistentes considerando que el agua es un bien indispensable de consumo básico. De este modo, conforme se eleva el ingreso se diversifica la estructura de gasto y por tanto se reduce la proporción destinada al consumo de agua. Asimismo, el modelo econométrico estimado satisface las condiciones de exogeneidad. Sin embargo, a medida en que la demanda de agua es prácticamente inelástica a los movimientos en los precios relativos entonces las posibilidades de utilizar impuestos del tipo Pigou para regular su consumo son relativamente limitadas.
The main objective of this paper was to calculate a function of demand for drinking water and its margins of income and price for Mexico. The results obtained indicate that drinking water has an income margin of less than one, and a negative price margin that is highly inelastic and may even equal zero. These results are consistent, in that water is an indispensable commodity of basic necessity. Thus, as income rises the structure of spending is diversified, thereby reducing the proportion spent on the consumption of water. Similarly, the estimated econometric model satisfies the conditions of exogeneity. Nevertheless, to the extent that the demand for water is practically inelastic to movements in relative prices, then the possibilities of using Pigou type taxes to regulate consumption are relatively limited.
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Recibido: Agosto de 1997; Aprobado: Octubre de 1998
Este es un artículo publicado en acceso abierto bajo una licencia Creative Commons
