Introduction:

The severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), now classified as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has presented higher morbidity and mortality, largely to acute viral pneumonitis that evolves into syndrome respiratory distress (ARDS), but only few studies have analyzed comparisons between the two diseases.

Objectives:

To evaluate the sociodemographic characteristics, ventilatory parameters and mortality in patients with ARDS vs CARDS.

Material and methods:

Prospective cohort study in patients with ARDS vs CARDS under mechanical ventilation.

Results:

95 patients evaluated, 47 (49.4%) presented ARDS and 48 (50.5%) presented COVID-19. In the comparison of PaO2/FiO2 oxygenation parameters of 134 mmHg (IQR 57 -411 mmHg) in the ARDS group and 118 mmHg (IQR 50-351 mmHg) with a p = 0.746 in CARDS without significant differences, in both groups lung protection measures were respected with low tidal volumes 6-8 mL/kg ARDSnet weight in ARDS 5.8 mL/kg (IQR 4.7-7.8) and CARDS 6.3 mL/kg (IQR 4.5-7.5) p = 0.51, Plateau pressure > 30 mmHg, in CARDS of 24.6 cmH2O ± 3.2 and ARDS 24.8 cmH2O ± 3.2. p = 0.810, conduction pressure < 15 mmHg, was 13.1 cmH2O ± 3.1 in ARDS and CARDS of 12.9 ± 2.3 cmH2O p = 0.73. With 48.9% higher mortality and days of mechanical ventilation in patients with ARDS.

Conclusion:

No significant differences were found in both groups regarding the oxygenation index, both respected lung protection goals, but higher mortality and days of mechanical ventilation were found in the ARDS group.

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