Abstract

UNGER, Kurt; FLORES, Diana  and  IBARRA, José Eduardo. Productividad y capital humano Fuentes complementarias de la competitividad en los estados en México. El trimestre econ [online]. 2014, vol.81, n.324, pp.909-941. ISSN 2448-718X.

This article estimates the level of competitiveness for the 32 federal states of Mexico taking into account production, productivity, employment and wages.

There are two types of Mexican states in respect of competitiveness. The competitive states are more diversified and show higher levels of productivity and better human capital in terms of higher wages. This group comprises economically mature states such as the Federal District (known as D. F.), Querétaro, the State of Mexico, Jalisco, and the northern border states. The other less competitive states heavily depend on just a few locally important activities, and their lack of productivity is compensated through lower salaries. Their relative backwardness is worsened by the absence of skilled labor to revert this downgrading process.

The relative importance of productivity and wages by state remains constant over the period 2003-2008. In other words, productivity gains and higher salaries are consolidated and transmitted in more modern and homogeneous economic environments, creating a better-off scenario for the competitive states that is highly superior to the moderate improvements achieved by the other group of states.

Keywords : competitividad; productividad; salarios; especialización; estados.

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