Abstract

GOMEZ CABRERA, Alejandra Patricia. The stigma of the deported. An approach to its representation in the political cartoon. Inter disciplina [online]. 2023, vol.11, n.29, pp.167-188.  Epub June 26, 2023. ISSN 2448-5705.  https://doi.org/10.22201/ceiich.24485705e.2023.29.84485.

The antimmigrant policy advocated by president Donald Trump has been criticized for the stigmatizing and aggressive rhetoric with which he portrays migrants, especially the undocumented ones who face deportation proceedings in this country. The construction of a border wall, mass deportations, the overcrowding and harassment conditions in detention centers, the persecution of undocumented immigrants and the restriction of visas are some of the points that characterize this proposal.

Erving Goffman is one of the leading scholars of the sociology of deviance. In his theory, he proposes to analyze stigma as a mean of objectifying the other and legitimizing violence towards him/herself. Michael Foucault is another analyst who proposes the understandment of the stigma as a typology of the abnormal in terms of their physical and moral identity by representing it as someone dangerous and harmful to social welfare.

In Mexico, the political cartoons have portrayed in an ironic way the stigmatizing discourse which migrants are represented in Trump’s politics. Through the analysis of the mechanisms of stigmatization of the political cartoons published by the following cartoonists: Rafael Barajas Durán, “El Fisgón”; Antonio Helguera, “Helguera”; José Hernández, “Hernández”; Bulmaro Castellanos Loza, “Magú” y Gonzalo Rocha, “Rocha”, in the national newspaper La Jornada, during the first year of Donald Trump’s presidential term, it is possible to identify the reification, decapitalization and criminalization to which deported immigrants are subject.

Keywords : stigmatization mechanism; deportation; political cartoon.

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