Abstract

CRUZ RUEDA, Elisa  and  LONG, Natalie. Oxchuc, Chiapas: Political representation and expert witness anthropological reports. Iztapalapa. Rev. cienc. soc. humanid. [online]. 2020, vol.41, n.89, pp.97-130.  Epub Oct 07, 2020. ISSN 2007-9176.  https://doi.org/10.28928/ri/892020/aot1/cruze/long.

We examine the case of Oxchuc, Chiapas, based on the documents generated by different entities, particularly the Institute of Elections and Citizen Participation, the Electoral Tribunal of the State of Chiapas, and a politically organized part of the town's population. The case is interesting because unlike the cases of Oaxaca and Cherán - which in another work we contrast with Oxchuc (Cruz and Long, publication pending), here the use of anthropological expert reports and citizen consultation mechanisms are used together to establish the propriety of changing the governing system from that of political parties to the system of Uses and Customs, or indigenous government. The historical and legal context is provided by the reforms of 2001 to Article 2 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States (CPEUM), which reclaims recognition and respect for the autonomy and self-determination of indigenous peoples and their communities; these elements have been incorporated into the Mexican legal framework since 1990 with the signing and ratification of Convention 169 of the International Labor Organization, and subsequently incorporated through Article 4 of the CPEUM. This case is relevant because indigenous peoples and their communities are increasingly making use of legal and jurisdictional mechanisms in the demand for their rights.

Keywords : State; Human Rights and Indigenous Rights.

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