Abstract

FERNANDEZ PONCELA, Ana Maria. Goats, sheep and cuckles: the animalization of the difference. Cultura representaciones soc [online]. 2023, vol.18, n.35, e0002014.  Epub Jan 15, 2024. ISSN 2007-8110.  https://doi.org/10.22201/crim.20078110e.2023.11448.

This work is a review and reflection on the origin, configuration and application of some concepts or figures that in certain contexts are constructed and attributed to individuals or groups, and with which they are pointed out, accused, and blamed for certain social problems, with consequences such as judgments, attitudes, and certain behaviors. Sometimes these figures used to categorize and name are related to animals, that therefore are different, and above all characterized as inferior, despicable, evil, worthy of separation or expulsion, even destruction. Specifically, it is about scapegoats, black sheep and ugly ducklings. Perhaps considering t that way makes it easier to provoke disdain, hostility, and sometimes discrimination, to which they are subjected, in discourse as well as in experiences. In addition, these concepts are used in daily practice and social reality, and also in research and social analysis. To carry out this work a tour of different theories, as well as authors on the subject is made. As a finding it presents an overview of how, where, or why they arise, their meanings and their application, as well as an approach to the shortcut of the stereotype and social prejudice, which yesterday as today seem to be common as social phenomena.

Keywords : scapegoat; black sheep; ugly duckling; stereotype; stigma.

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