Objective

Evaluate the effects of a cognitive behavioral intervention by phone on the therapeutic adherence of children with chronic kidney failure (CRF) and their caregivers.

Material and Methods

The study used a single case design with multiple baseline. The intervention was applied by phone with two face- to-face sessions at the beginning and end.

Results

There was a tendency to decrease forgetfulness in the medications, reduction of the consumption of liquids with high sugar content and a clinically significant increase in the strategies of solution of problems by the caregiver.

Conclusions

The caregiver perceived benefits in the child such as greater understanding of the disease and the importance of the medications, more frequent positive attitudes of the child towards oral treatments and greater self-control in them consumption of unhealthy foods and liquids. The intervention is distinguished by focusing on the child and their caregiver and it being applied by telephone. The application of an intervention protocol facilitates that the effectiveness of the program is not directly related to the therapeutic abilities of the applicator. It is recommended to conduct studies with a larger number of participants to evaluate their effectiveness.

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