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Botanical Sciences
versión On-line ISSN 2007-4476versión impresa ISSN 2007-4298
Resumen
ROMERO-HIGAREDA, César Enrique et al. Phenotype differentiation of Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum of three regions in Mexico and its relation to climate. Bot. sci [online]. 2023, vol.101, n.3, pp.744-760. Epub 31-Jul-2023. ISSN 2007-4476. https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.3289.
Background:
Populations of Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum are found in a wide portion of the Mexican territory, and it is ancestor of many cultivated forms relevant for the Mexican diet.
Questions:
What are the proportions of phenotypic and genetic variation distributed among its sampled regions, populations and within populations. How does the climate correlates to the population’s phenotypic variation.
Species:
Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum.
Study sites and years:
24 populations form three regions were sampled: Northwest, states of Sonora and Sinaloa; South: Oaxaca and Southeast Tabasco and Yucatán, in Mexico. The experiment was performed between years 2016 to 2018.
Methods:
Fruits from single plants were collected in wild populations. Plants were grown in a greenhouse. Nested ANOVAS were performed to estimate phenotypic and genetic variance components for different spatial scales. Climate correlation was estimated through univariate and multivariate methods.
Results:
49.8 % of phenotypic variation was detected within families, 11.1 % among families (within populations), 21.3 % among populations and 17.6 % among regions. The genetic basis of phenotypic variation was 50.1% on average, for this genetic variation 34.2 % was found among regions, 39.4% among populations and 26.3 % within populations. Climate factors generated different patterns of correlations for vegetative, foliar and reproductive traits.
Conclusions:
Northwest plants were shorth, with small leaves and large fruits, Southeast plants were tall, with large leaves and small fruits, South plants developed intermediate phenotypic traits. Climate explained a large proportion of phenotypic differentiation.
Palabras llave : Climatic variation; phenotypic differentiation; variance components; Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum.