Abstract

BARCENAS, Ramón. Friedrich Nietzsche: the experience of estrangement in the critique of values. Valenciana [online]. 2023, vol.16, n.31, pp.7-27.  Epub Apr 28, 2023. ISSN 2007-2538.  https://doi.org/10.15174/rv.v15i31.667.

Nietzsche considers, like Kant, that submission to tutors and prejudices restricts the exercise of thinking. However, he also believes it necessary to extend the critique to moral values. The emancipation that Kant promotes is not achievable unless Western morality is subjected to criticism. To subject it to examination is to ask about the origin of the value of morality. This article reviews the way in which emancipation takes place in the critique of values. It is proposed that the exercise of critique allows for the strengthening and development of the human spirit, as it results in a rupture with inherited values and principles. The spirit is openness and transformation, and it weakens and dies if it is constrained to a fixed set of principles. Such a rupture creates the necessary conditions for the growth of the spirit. The process of emancipation entails a series of transfigurations of the spirit that is experienced as an estrangement from traditional values. This estrangement is akin to the feeling of the sinister (Umheimlich).

Keywords : Emancipation; Criticism; Values; Morals; Culture; Umheimlich.

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