Abstract

PEREZ LUNA, Alberto; LOPEZ UPTON, Javier; PRIETO RUIZ, José Ángel  and  BARRERA RAMIREZ, Rubén. Cloning of Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham. by grafting: effect of phenology and type of scion. Rev. mex. de cienc. forestales [online]. 2024, vol.15, n.82, pp.29-49.  Epub Apr 26, 2024. ISSN 2007-1132.  https://doi.org/10.29298/rmcf.v15i82.1451.

Grafts allow the cloning of select genotypes, but the lack of sprouting in conifers is common due to intrinsic and extrinsic causes of the grafting process. The objective was to evaluate the sprouting and survival of side veneer grafts of Pinus patula with scions in three phenological stages (dormancy, beginning of growth and full growth), two types of scions (terminal buds and basal scions) and their interaction, in addition to determining the average sprouting time due to the effect of the treatments. A completely randomized experimental design was used with a 3×2 factorial arrangement with 16 replications. The evaluation was biweekly until 90 days after grafting. Analysis of variance was performed to detect differences between treatments and the accelerated failure time and Weibull hazard ratio models were adjusted to estimate the average graft sprouting time and probability of death, respectively. No significant differences were found (p<0.05) between treatments. In all combinations there was sprouting (79.2 to 100 %) and survival varied between 58 and 83 %. 100 % of sprouting was obtained with terminal buds in dormancy and basal scions in full growth, while the highest survival (83 %) was accomplished with basal scions at the beginning of growth and terminal buds in full growth. The shortest average sprouting time was achieved when grafting basal scions (15 days). Pinus patula can be successfully cloned at any phenological stage and with the use of both types of scions evaluated.

Keywords : Phenological stages; side veneer graft; sprouting; asexual propagation; basal scions; scions with terminal buds.

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