Abstract

MARIN CRUZ, Víctor Hugo et al. Identification and distribution of the black fungus gnat Bradysia impatiens Johannsen, 1912 (Diptera: Sciaridae) in temperate climate nurseries. Rev. mex. de cienc. forestales [online]. 2022, vol.13, n.73, pp.175-196.  Epub Oct 10, 2022. ISSN 2007-1132.  https://doi.org/10.29298/rmcf.v13i73.1261.

The black fungus gnat is a dipteran that causes severe damage to ornamental plants and forest nurseries with Pinus species in central Mexico, with losses over 30 %. The most recent reports of the black fungus gnat are from 2013 and 2015; the current distribution of the genus Bradysia sp. is unknown. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to identify the black fungus gnat morphologically and molecularly, as well as to know its distribution on pine species on five regions of Mexico. Sampling was carried out from April to June 2019 in 20 nurseries with pine species. The collected samples were placed in emergency chambers for 45 days under photoperiod conditions of 12:12 h and relative humidity (RH) of 75 % for obtaining the adults. 934 adults of black fungus gnat were obtained, and the species identified by morphology and molecularly through a fragment of the mitochondrial COI gene corresponds to Bradysia impatiens (Johannsen, 1912) (Diptera: Sciaridae), present in 17 pine species, including Pinus arizonica, P. ayacahuite, P. cembroides, P. cooperi, P. douglasiana, P. durangensis, P. engelmannii, P. hartwegii, P. leiophylla, P. oaxacana, P. oocarpa, P. patula and P. teocote, as new hosts. In addition, the fungus gnat is recorded for the first time in nine Mexican states: Chiapas, Chihuahua, Durango, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Querétaro, Veracruz and Zacatecas. Currently, B. impatiens is known in 15 states of Mexico.

Keywords : Bradysia impatiens (Johannsen; 1912); COI; black fungus gnat; Pinus; pest; forest nurseries.

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