Abstract

CAMACHO MORENO, Eleonora et al. Phenology and tree architecture of Calyptranthes schiedeana O. Berg, Lysiloma acapulcense (Kunth) Benth and Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq.) G. Nicholson in agroecosystems of Veracruz. Rev. mex. de cienc. forestales [online]. 2017, vol.8, n.40, pp.19-36. ISSN 2007-1132.

This paper describes a study of the phenology and tree architecture of Calyptranthes schiedeana, Lysiloma acapulcense and Tabebuia chrysantha, species of the low deciduous forest with a cultural importance and a potential for agroforestry. Ten trees of each of these taxa dispersed within the agroecosystems of veracruz, Mexico, were selected, and their phenology was observed every 14 days (from February 2014 to March 2015). Changes occurred in: 1) the development of floral buds, 2) flowering, 3) fruiting, 4) seed dispersal, 5) presence, 6) fall, and 7) shooting of leaves, all of them related to temperature and precipitation. In March 2014 the tree architecture was assessed, and the type of growth was determined. The phenology of the taxa was characteristic of the low deciduous forest, although L. acapulcense tended to keep its leaves for a longer time and to fruit with lower levels of soil moisture. C. schiedeana required precipitation in order to form leave buds (r = 0.60, P = 0.0004), while the development of these dependend on the decrease of temperature (r = 0.58, P = 0.0008). Fruiting in L. acapulcense diminished gradually with lower temperatures (r = -0.90, P < 0.0001); this species was also prominent for its higher, larger crown with longer branches; besides, it adopted the Troll growth model, while T. chrysantha exhibited the Leeuwenberg model, and C. schiedeana, the Attims model. It is concluded that the three species have different phenologic patterns and architectural models, but they can all adapt to agroforestry systems by being associated to crops.

Keywords : Multipurpose trees; flowering; fruiting; architectural model; low deciduous forest; agroforestry systems.

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