Abstract

SANCHEZ GUTIERREZ, Ricardo A. et al. Yield and forage quality of oats varieties under rainfed conditions in Zacatecas, Mexico. Rev. mex. de cienc. pecuarias [online]. 2014, vol.5, n.2, pp.131-142. ISSN 2448-6698.

Yield, quality and yield components of six varieties of oat for forage were evaluated in Zacatecas. Experiments were established on July 2011 and 2012 at Monte Escobedo. A complete randomized block experimental design replicated three times was used. Oat seeding density was 120 kg ha^-1 and NPK fertilizer application rate of 60-40-00. Harvest was at milky-dough stage of maturity. In both years, 2011 and 2012, Saia stood out among cultivars (P<0.05) in forage yield with 3.7 and 5.6 t DM ha^-1, plant height with 119 and 120 cm, and with respect to yield components accumulated the larger proportion of leaf and stem (P<0.05). Karma stood out in the proportion of spike with 42 and 49 % (P<0.05) in 2011 and 2012, respectively. Results of crude protein were similar (P>0.05) among varieties with a range of 10.6 to 13.8 %. On two years of study Karma showed the best nutritional characteristics: low accumulation of neutral detergent fiber (51 %) and acid detergent fiber (33.4 and 35.3 %), high values of digestible nutrients (54 and 58 %), dry matter digestibility (60 and 62 %), forage relative value (110 and 113) and lactation net energy (1.4 y 1.34 Mcal/kg; P<0.05). Dry forage yield was positively correlated to plant height (r=0.701), days from sowing to harvest (r=0.685) and stem proportion (r=0.629), and negatively correlated to spike proportion (r=-0.629). In relation to the nutritional quality, Karma had the best forage value. Saia is a good alternative to increase forage yield per hectare.

Keywords : Avena sativa; Dry mater yield; Nutritional quality; Yield components.

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