Abstract

CAMPOS MARISCAL, José Luis; ALVAREZ SANCHEZ, María Edna; MALDONADO TORRES, Ranferi  and  ALMAGUER VARGAS, Gustavo. Application of organic fertilizers in yield and root development in avocado cultivation. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2020, vol.11, n.2, pp.263-274.  Epub Mar 15, 2021. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v11i2.2301.

Mexico is a world leader in the avocado market, participates with a production of 2 029 886 tons that represents 34.3% of the world volume produced, placing it in the first exported with 45.95% and with the highest per-capita consumption, with 10 kg per year). The yields per hectare are 10.1 t ha-1, which place it in fourth place worldwide (SAGARPA, 2017). The effect of a more leached compost of earthworm humus plus chemical fertilization on the root development and avocado yield was evaluated. In the experiment 3 levels of compost were applied: 100, 150 and 200 kg tree, accompanied by a conventional chemical fertilization proposed based on the nutrient diagnosis of the soil, which was 2 kg of the formula 20-10-05 per tree, plus 1.5 L of leachate in 60 L of water for each tree, equivalent to 300 L ha-1 per cycle. The control treatment consisted of a dose of only 2 kg per tree of the conventional formula 20-10-05 applied by the producer without the supply of organic fertilizers. The results indicated that the soil had a deficient level of Mn, low levels of N, Fe, Zn and B, an average level of Cu, while K and Ca were at high levels and N and Mg in excess. The superficial root development responded favorably to the treatments with application of organic fertilizers and had a direct correlation (p≤ 0.05) with the yield, as well as with the nutrient concentrations of Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, B and organic matter obtained from sampling of soil of each treatment.

Keywords : compost; fertilization; nutritional requirements.

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