Abstract

RODRIGUEZ-HERNANDEZ, Rafael et al. Market linkages and competitiveness of farming units in poverty in Oaxaca, Guerrero and Chiapas. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2016, vol.7, n.spe15, pp.3115-3128. ISSN 2007-0934.

The effect of the conditions of productivity of families can be represented by welfare levels, expressed at different levels of poverty. According to the CONEVAL, in Mexico, 45% of the population lives in poverty, 40% in moderate poverty, and 5% in extreme poverty. In the states of Chiapas, Guerrero and Oaxaca are the highest percentages of population in poverty, agriculture is the main economic activity, however, has low levels of production that does not meet fully the needs of families. The objective of this study in 2015 to analyze the level of competitiveness of 145 households distributed in the three states. A questionnaire to obtain data that facilitated the detection of factors involved for such a situation was employed. The 55% of households were found in the process of competitiveness, which means they have insufficient added value to cover the costs of internal factors, which depend on extra income to maintain production unit so that the product earth is not enough to generate sufficient profits. The 12% of the production units survive on incomes outside the unit so its competitiveness was negative and only 32% operate in competitiveness, which explains the poverty and marginalization. It was observed that the greater market linkages exist, greater competitiveness so to reverse poverty requires increasing and diversifying land productivity with technological improvements, and encourage greater participation in the market.

Keywords : marginalization; market; private cost ratio.

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