Abstract

BAUTISTA-GARCIA, Germán; SOL-SANCHEZ, Ángel; VELAZQUEZ-MARTINEZ, Alejandro  and  LLANDERAL-OCAMPO, Tangaxuhan. Floristic composition and socioeconomic importance of home orchards from Ejido La Encrucijada, Cárdenas, Tabasco. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2016, vol.7, n.spe14, pp.2725-2740. ISSN 2007-0934.

Home orchards are the traditional agro-ecosystem located close to rural housing. It is classified as an agroforestry practice with high diversity and floristic composition, comprising mainly fruit and timber trees. Floristic composition was evaluated and determined the socioeconomic importance; for this a floristic inventory of woody species was conducted, a 16 m2 quadrant was established to include herbs, recording plants use and savings generated by consumption of products in each home orchard. Diversity index Shannon-Weaver and floristic similarity Sorensen was estimated. Fieldwork was conducted between October 2013 and February 2014 in the Ejido La Encrucijada, Cardenas, Tabasco. From 203 species, the best represented botanical families were Lamiaceae, Fabaceae and Rutaceae. Villagers recognize 15 categories of use, of which highlighted the ornamental (30%), food (26%) and medical (16%). The diversity index ShannonWeaver was 0.94 to 3.09 and the highest floristic similarity was 56% to 74%. There were no significant differences (p> 0.05) between the size of 60% home orchards and diversity of species. The socioeconomic importance refers to all the benefits and services that generate home orchards to households.

Keywords : diversity index Shannon-Weaver; ethnobotany; solar.

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