Abstract

FERNANDEZ SOSA, Rogelio; CARBALLO CARBALLO, Aquiles; VILLASENOR MIR, Héctor Eduardo  and  HERNANDEZ LIVERA, Adrián. Quality of rainfed wheat seed depending on the production environment. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2015, vol.6, n.6, pp.1239-1251. ISSN 2007-0934.

In Mexico, 15% of wheat production is used as seed. The ability of seeds to germinate and produce a normal plant is the main attribute to assess their quality. This study was conducted under the importance of physical and physiological seed quality, and the ability to optimize both traits by agronomic management. The genetic material was provided by the Wheat Program INIFAP. The seed used was from 14 laboratory varieties, grown in 2012, under rainfed conditions in 11 production environments, in which additionally, the fungicide treatment was evaluated. The physical quality was determined by evaluating volumetric weight and kernel weight; the physiological quality was evaluated in laboratory and greenhouse, from the variables: germination, abnormal seedlings, seeds without germinating, emergence speed, seedling length, seedling dry weight and vigour. The interaction locality x variety x fungicide showed highly significant differences for all the variables, except length and dry weight of seedlings. The variety NANA F2007 had the highest volumetric weight (75.2 kg hL^-1). The localities that favoured the expression of a higher volumetric weight were Coatepec and Juchitepec. The weight of thousand seeds was higher with the variety MAYA S2007 in Huamantla, with application of fungicide. In most of the variables evaluated, by applying fungicide, the treatment exceeded the control with no application. The production environment, variety and fungicide application, influenced positively in the physical and physiological seed quality.

Keywords : Triticum aestivum L.; greenhouse production environment; germination; laboratory; physical and physiological seed quality.

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