Abstract

TAMARIZ CAMPILLO, Arely Fernanda et al. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced stages of melanoma. Acta méd. Grupo Ángeles [online]. 2021, vol.19, n.1, pp.108-115.  Epub Jan 31, 2022. ISSN 1870-7203.

Melanoma is the type of skin cancer with highest mortality worldwide due to its metastatic potential. In the recent years there has been an increasing incidence of melanoma worldwide, including in Mexico. There are several mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of melanoma making it difficult to develop specific therapies. However, recently immunotherapy has been taking interest in treatment of melanoma, due to the introduction of inhibitors of immune checkpoints, this type of therapy has significantly improved long-term survival in patients with advanced melanoma. Therefore, the scientific community has focused on comparing side effects and efficacy versus standardized treatments, until today no better outcomes have been found, on the contrary patients can present an immune related response due to their action mechanism. Unfortunately, only a few patients have shown a satisfactory response to this type of therapy. This article reviews the results of the most recent studies conducted with checkpoint inhibitors, recommended doses, and frequency of adverse effects on immune system.

Keywords : Melanoma; BRAF; oncogenes; CTLA-4; ipilimumab; PDL-1; nivolumab; pembrolizumab.

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