Abstract

REYES-JARAMILLO, Irma et al. The community of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) associated with mezcal agaves from Oaxaca and its relationship with some soil characteristics. Rev. Mex. Biodiv. [online]. 2019, vol.90, e902777.  Epub July 31, 2019. ISSN 2007-8706.  https://doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2019.90.2777.

The objective was to evaluate the community of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with the soil of Agave angustifolia and Agave karwinskii. Nine sampling sites (S1-S9) were established in the Central Valleys and Southern Mountains of Oaxaca, 27 soil samples were collected to extract AMF spores, evaluate their abundance and diversity of species to relate them with soil properties through a canonical correspondence analysis (ACC). The abundance of spores did not change between sites; but the richness and diversity were greater in S4 (12 spp., H’ = 2.05) compared to S8 and S9 (5 spp., H’ = 1.1). Forty-eight morphospecies of AMF were recorded in the soil of A. angustifolia and A. karwinskii, distributed in 15 genera and 7 families. Glomeraceae (37.5%), Gigasporaceae (27%) and Acaulosporaceae (20.8%) provided the greatest richness of AMF species. The ACC emphasized out that the texture, pH, concentration of Ca++, Mg++ and K+ are variables from soil with influence in the structure of the AMF community. In Oaxaca, A. angustifolia and A. karwinskii are reservoirs of the taxonomic diversity of AMF that contributed with 10 new records for the state, and 35.4% of the fungi reported in the agaves could be new species.

Keywords : Agave karwinskii; Agave angustifolia; Arbuscular mycorrhizae; Soil biology; Semiarid ecosystems; pH.

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