Abstract

CERVANTES-ADAME, Yessica F. et al. Effects of heterosis on native populations of maize and their F₁ crosses. Biotecnia [online]. 2020, vol.22, n.3, pp.11-19.  Epub Feb 10, 2021. ISSN 1665-1456.  https://doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v22i3.992.

With the aim of quantifying the average Heterosis (Hp) and determine the effects of varietal heterosis (hj) and specific heterosis (sjj´) seven progenitor populations of native maize were used and their 21 direct crosses. The 28 maize genotypes were evaluated in three environments in the state of Morelos (Ayala-O/I-2012/2013, Ayala-P/V-2013 and Tepalcingo-P/V-2013). The experimental design, were complete blocks at random with three repetitions. Four variables were measured and subjected to a combined variance analysis, mean comparison (DMS0.01), Hp was calculated as a percentage, and the varietal heterosis and specific heterosis were determined by the Gardner and Eberhart method. In the percentage expression the Cross-17 presented positive values in Hp in the variables of GM (19.16), HM (11.81), P100G (7.77) and RG (5.36). In the (hj) the progenitors with greater varietal effect were BCP1 and CB029, both impacted in the formation of crosses with the highest sjj´ values as the Cross-26 and Cross-56 this for RG and GM. This allows the selection of native maize populations to improve characteristics related to grain yield through inter-population crossing.

Keywords : varietal effect; crosses; yield.

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