Abstract

AREVALO-SALAS, Luis Alexis; SOLANO-FIESCO, Liborio; SEGURA-STANFORD, Begoña  and  VIZCAINO-ALARCON, Alfredo. Outcomes and complications of cardiac catheterization in neonates. Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex. [online]. 2008, vol.65, n.2, pp.126-134. ISSN 1665-1146.

Introduction. The aim of this study was to determine the relative risks of diagnostic and interventional catheterization in the neonate and to evaluate outcomes. Methods. A study of 95 consecutive cardiac catheterizations in neonates was undertaken (3.2% of 2 879 paediatric procedures done from 1991 to 2006) at the Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez. Results. Mean age was 17.5 ± 0.7 days, mean weight of 2.9 ± 0.98 kg, 59% were males. A therapeutic catheterization (Cat-T) was performed in 73 patients (77%), and a diagnostic procedure (Cat-D) in the remaining 22 (23%). The Cat-T procedures included: atrial septostomy in 54, aortic valvuloplasty in 8, pulmonary valvuloplasty in 5, aortic angioplasty in 3, transvenous pacemaker in 2 and stenting of ductus arteriosus in 1. In the 22 Cat-D procedures, the results correlated well with surgical findings, while a satisfactory palliation or correction was achieved in 94.6% of the 73 Cat-T. One or more complications occurred in 32/73 (40%) Cat-T, and in 6/22 (27.2%) Cat-D procedures. Considering the whole experience, 24 (25.2%) complications were qualified as major and 14 (14-7%) as minor. Of the former, arrhythmias and vascular lesions were the most common; however, only 5 patients (5.2%) required urgent surgical intervention. Death as a result of catheterization occurred in 2 cases (2.1%). An excellent correlation with surgical findings was obtained in the 22 Cat-D cases, whereas a satisfactory palliation was achieved in 69 of 73 Cat-T procedures (94-6%). Conclusions. These results confirm that cardiac catheterization in the neonate can be performed with good results and should not be withheld purely on the basis of age or critical clinical status.

Keywords : Neonatal cardiac catheterization; therapeutic cardiac catheterization; cardiac catheterization complications; newborn; congenital heart disease.

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