Resumo

GALEANA-PEREZ, Victor Manuel; CHAVEZ-ALEGRIA, Omar; MEDELLIN-AGUILAR, Gerardo  e  ZAMORA-CASTRO, Sergio Aurelio. Measurement of settlements in subsidence damaged pavements using orthomosaics and DEM using GPS and UAV. Ing. invest. y tecnol. [online]. 2023, vol.24, n.2.  Epub 19-Maio-2023. ISSN 2594-0732.  https://doi.org/10.22201/fi.25940732e.2023.24.2.010.

The subsidence phenomenon caused by the excessive overexploitation of some aquifers for the supply of drinking water, has caused the appearance of cracks and differential settlements in the pavements, affecting countless damages to land roads in different states of the Mexican Republic and of the world. Indeed, technology has progressed and thus new techniques have been incorporated to speed up the solution to these types of problems, being: the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and the Global Positioning System (GPS); These technologies have influenced different tasks such as: a) raising large areas in small periods, b) reducing the high requirement of personnel and, c) the low demand for the resources necessary to cover the needs of use. This research presents a methodology for the measurement of cracks in pavements in order to speed up the process of identification and prediction of settlements in an area, which has had continuous movements due to subsidence for years, causing extensive damage to existing infrastructure. It was considered to monitor the area for twelve months, obtaining an orthomosaic and five Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) every two months and processing through specialized UAV photogrammetry software using Ground Control Points (GCP or BN) in order to correct the DEMs through orthorectification. of the photographs. The results obtained show how the time to identify pavement damage is reduced, likewise, settlements of a magnitude of 5.7 cm have been obtained in the area, in addition to a two-hour data processing covering an area of 27,224 m2. In the same way, with this processing it is possible to know a more approximate value, it has been possible to measure the length and width of the cracks by the GSD ratio (cm/pix) that is programmed in the UAV flight.

Palavras-chave : UAV; GPS; orthomosaic; digital elevation model; pavement; settlements; Agisoft Metashape.

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