Abstract

RODRIGUEZ-MIRANDA, Sergio; MARTINEZ-ALVAREZ, Omar  and  GONZALEZ-NAVA, Catalina. Evaluation by dynamic simulation of thermal behavior in a house of social interest with the incorporation of bioclimatic architecture strategies in Guanajuato, Mexico. Ing. invest. y tecnol. [online]. 2021, vol.22, n.1.  Epub July 30, 2021. ISSN 2594-0732.  https://doi.org/10.22201/fi.25940732e.2021.22.1.004.

Electromechanical air conditioning in buildings seeks to maintain thermal comfort for its occupants, however, this type of conditioning represents 40 % of total energy consumption, generating economic and environmental impact since fossil fuels are the main source of energy. To decrease the use of electromechanical conditioning, it is possible to take advantage of the climatic conditions of the region in the architectural design. Due to the small number of works that quantitatively support the measures aimed at obtaining improvements in the thermal behavior of houses and the growth of serial construction in Mexico, in the present work, a bioclimatic architecture proposal for a typical low-income housing in Guanajuato, Mexico was evaluated; modifying the thermal inertia of the materials, the absorption and emissivity of the surface (solar protection), as well as a rearrangement of the glazed surfaces (passive solar heating). The energy evaluation was carried out by means of dynamic simulation on the OpenStudio® platform, considering the climatic conditions of the place, geometry of the building, material properties, occupation schedule and thermal loads. To set the design variables of the proposal, a comparison was made of the energy required by electromechanical conditioning, to maintain the temperature between 20°C and 27°C. As a result, a 77 % reduction in energy needed for annual thermal conditioning was obtained, in addition to having a more stable temperature throughout the day and more balanced in the different spaces that comprise it.

Keywords : Bioclimatic architecture; thermal behavior; Thermal comfort; dynamic simulation; OpenStudio.

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