Abstract

BERROSPE-OCHOA, E. Alejandro; SAUCEDO-VELOZ, Crescenciano; RAMIREZ-VALLEJO, Porfirio  and  RAMIREZ-GUZMAN, M. Elva. Agronomic behavior of native populations of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under intensive production in a greenhouse. Agrociencia [online]. 2015, vol.49, n.6, pp.637-650. ISSN 2521-9766.

In Mexico there is genotype diversity of tomato (Solatium lycopersicum L.) with outstanding characteristics of plant development, resistance to different biotic and abiotic factors, fruit yield and quality, but its production and use is local. Commercial production of tomato is based on patented hybrids such as saladette, bola and cherry, which limits the expression of the genetic store in the country. However, Mexico is considered one of the domestication centers of this horticultural product. The objective of the present study was to compare agronomic characteristics related to seedling development from 13 native populations of tomato with two commercial hybrids and to identify those with seedling quality equivalent to that of the commercial hybrids. Styrofoam germination trays of 200 cavities were used with commercial mixture Sunshine^©3 plus Agrolite 3:1 (v/v) as substrate and irrigations with Steiner solution at 50 %. The populations and commercial hybrids were placed in a greenhouse for 31 d. Variables registered were percentage and germination rate, leaf exposure, seedling height, stem diameter, total number of leaves, leaf area, root length and volume, dry and fresh matter content of root and stem. The experimental design was completely randomized with 15 treatments and four replicates with 10 seedlings as experimental unit. Seedling development of populations 96 and 49, respectively, was similar to that of the commercial hybrids, and their germination and morphology were superior. Using principal components, the following were identified as variables to characterize quality: the presence of cotyledons, stem diameter, height, root length and number of leaves. Five native populations presented similarity in seedling quality with the commercial hybrids.

Keywords : Solanum lycopersicum; seedbed; germination; quality.

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