Abstract

DESGARENNES, Damaris et al. Nematodes associated to Saccharum officinarum rhizosphere in the Central coast region of Veracruz, México. Agrociencia [online]. 2011, vol.45, n.7, pp.785-795. ISSN 2521-9766.

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is an important crop in the state of Veracruz, México, its yield has declined in recent years and a cause of low productivity could be the high density of plant -parasitic nematodes. Knowledge of these and the free-living nematodes, as well as assessing their population densities, are important in determining control strategies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the nematode fauna associated with the rhizosphere of sugarcane in six sites in the area of supply of the sugar mills La Gloria and El Modelo, in the region-central coast of Veracruz. A completely randomized design was used to quantify the number of individuals per species of nematodes and trophic group; besides, the trophic diversity index and the index of wealth were estimated. The number of individuals per trophic group was analyzed with a factorial ANOVA, and other data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA. Twelve morphotypes of nematodes of the orders Tylenchida, Dorylaimida, Rhabditida and Aphelenchida were identified. Phytophagous nematodes were: Criconemoides, Helicotylenchus, Longidoridae, Tylenchus, Xiphinema and the rest were bacteriophagous, mycophagous nematodes and omnivorous predators, ( Acrobeles, Aphelenchus, Aporcelaimellus, Aporcelaimidae, Cephalobidae, Cruznema, Thornenema). The most abundant plant-parasitic nematodes on average in the six sites were Helicotylenchus (47± 23 100 cm^-3 of soil) and Criconemoides (31 ± 44 100 cm^-3 of soil). The abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes was not sufficiently high (> 50 100 cm^-3 of soil) to be associated with the decrease of the yield in the cultivation of sugarcane.

Keywords : free-living nematodes; plant-parasitic nematodes; density; trophic diversity; sugarcane.

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