Resumo

LARA-REIMERS, Eduardo Alberto; HERNANDEZ-ROBLEDO, Carlos Omar; PRECIADO-RANGEL, Pablo  e  SARINANA-ALDACO, Oscar. Study of medicinal plants used in San Jose Iturbide, Guanajuato, Mexico. Polibotánica [online]. 2023, n.56, pp.265-286.  Epub 18-Set-2023. ISSN 1405-2768.  https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.56.14.

A study of medicinal plants was carried out to collect information on their uses in four important communities in the municipality of San José Iturbide, Guanajuato, Mexico. The area has numerous medicinal species, which are of great importance in the region for the treatment of different diseases. In this study, the plants currently used were identified, traditional knowledge was recorded, and diseases treated in the community were documented. Through ethnobotanical surveys carried out with the "snowball" method conducted on 63 local informants, a total of 50 medicinal plants were registered, belonging to 27 botanical families. The Lamiaceae family was the one that the greatest number of species described by the informants (nine species), followed by Asteraceae family (six species). the most mentioned species were Matricaria chamomilla L. (17 UR), Mentha spicata L. (15 UR), and Eucalyptus globulus Labill. (9 UR). In general, all parts of the plants were used to prepare herbal remedies. The leaves (57.14%) are used mostly to make herbal remedies and prepared mainly by infusion (69.31%). The diseases treated with medicinal plants according to the Informant Consensus Index were diseases of the skin (FCI=0.76; 4 spp.), of the respiratory system (FCI=0.7; 13 spp.), urinary system (FCI=0.68; 6 spp.), digestive-gastrointestinal system (FCI=0.68; 25 spp.), and musculoskeletal (FCI=0.65; 8 spp.). This study indicates that the inhabitants of the communities of El Capulín, San Diego de las Trasquilas, San José Iturbide and La Venta in the municipality of San José Iturbide, Guanajuato, Mexico, resort to the use of medicinal plants to treat certain specific diseases, which It is a public health strategy that preserves traditional and cultural knowledge by inhabitants of the municipality.

Palavras-chave : Asteraceae; Matricaria chamomilla L.; medicinal plants; infusion.

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