Abstract

CHAFLA-MOINA, A. L.  and  SILVA-DELEY, L. M.. In vitro evaluation of the antibacterial efect of extracts of Bidens pilosa y Eryngium foetidum. Polibotánica [online]. 2023, n.55, pp.109-119.  Epub May 26, 2023. ISSN 1405-2768.  https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.55.8.

The objective of the study was to qualitatively identify secondary metabolites and evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial effect of Bidens pilosa and Eryngium foetidum plants against Staphylococcus aureus (C44-02), Escherichia coli (D31-12) and Salmonella typhimurium (D31-15). This activity was observed by the modified well diffusion technique in Müeller Hinton agar, using 5 and 10 mg/mL of extract per plant species. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by agar diffusion, with solutions of the plant extract at concentrations of 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25 and 15.62 mg/mL for MIC. The highest percentage extract yield was with B. pilosa of 1.3% and for E. foetidum of 0.21%. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of secondary metabolites alkaloids, glucids, saponins, sterols, phenols, terpenoids, flavonoids and tannins. The ethanolic extract of E. foetidum (10 mg/mL) showed higher antimicrobial activity against S. aureus with inhibition halo of 21.0 ± 2.0 mm and was more sensitive with MIC 15. 62 mg/mL and CMB 31.25 mg/mL, For B. pilosa against S. aureus with MIC 62.5 mg/mL and CMB 125 mg/mL E. coli and S. typhimurium were more resistant with MIC 125 mg/mL and CMB 125 and 250 mg/mL respectively. This finding suggests that the active principles present in the plants may play a significant role in the inhibitory action against S. aureus and that the ethanol present as solvent is not responsible for such effect.

Keywords : Bidens pilosa; Eryngium foetidum; antibacterial efect; phytochemical screening.

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