Abstract

AGUAYO-ROJAS, J. et al. Phytochemicals and nutraceutical properties of peach (Prunus persica L.) harvested in Zacatecas. Polibotánica [online]. 2022, n.53, pp.151-166.  Epub Apr 04, 2022. ISSN 1405-2768.  https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.53.10.

Fruits contain high levels of biologically active compounds that impart health benefits, Zacatecas occupies the first places in peach production nationwide. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the content of phenolic compounds and carotenoids, as well as to the antioxidant, antihypertensive, and antimicrobial properties of the Creole peach harvested in Zacatecas. Methanolic extracts were made to evaluate the antioxidant capacity and it was determined by the DPPH and ABTS methods. The antihypertensive activity was evaluated by means of the inhibition of the angiotensin converting enzyme I, presenting an inhibition of 58%, and the antimicrobial activity was determined by the disk diffusion method on bacterial strains of Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. The flavonoid and tannin content was 247 and 410 mg of catechin equivalents/ 100 g (db); for total phenolics it was 452 mg of gallic acid equivalents/ 100 g (db) and for carotenoids 195 µg β-carotene equivalents/100 g (db). Regarding antioxidant capacity, levels of 3858 and 6215 μmol Trolox equivalents/100 g (db) were obtained for DPPH and ABTS, respectively. The methanolic peach extract presented antimicrobial activity on all the bacterial strains used, both Gram-positive and Gram-negative.

Keywords : Phytochemicals; antioxidant capacity; antihypertensive activity; antimicrobial activity.

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