Abstract

MEDINA-MOLINA, C.O. et al. Histological changes for root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in beetroot roots (Beta vulgaris L.). Polibotánica [online]. 2018, n.46, pp.193-202. ISSN 1405-2768.  https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.46.12.

In 2011, a nematological exploration was carried out in the agricultural area of ​​the Tepeaca Valley, Municipality of Acatzingo, in the state of Puebla, where a plot planted with beet was found in the town of Santa María Actipa, municipality of Acatzingo, Puebla, Mexico, where a high percentage of the roots presented prominent galls. A sample (soil + plants) was taken, in the laboratory females of Meloidogyne was detected, the identification of the nematode was carried out by the isozyme phenotype test using the enzymes esterase (EST) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and confirmed by morphological characters of the female perineal models. Additionally, the histological alterations were evaluated. The results showed that the isoenzymatic phenotype for EST corresponded to type I1; while for the MDH it was the N2a phenotype both associated with the specie Meloidogyne incognita. Likewise, perineal females models showed a high and square dorsal arch, with no clearly visible lateral lines those are characteristics of this species. On the other hand, the histological study showed hyperplasia and cellular hypertrophy that caused the formation of five to seven multinucleated giant cells, with thickened cell walls and dense and granular cytoplasm. Four to six piriform females per gall, embedded in the parenchymal tissue, were also observed near the vascular cylinder. The presence of these females provoked the displacement of the xylem vessels and the lignification of neighboring cells.

Keywords : Beta vulgaris; Giant cells; histology; Meloidogyne incognita; root-knot nematode.

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