Abstract

MORENO-LIMON, S. et al. Antifungal effect of gobernadora extracts (Larrea tridentata L.) on in vitro inhibiton of Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium sp.. Polibotánica [online]. 2011, n.32, pp.193-205. ISSN 1405-2768.

Mexico is important as a producer and consumer of grains, of which maize is paramount owing to its extensive use as human food. The problematic phytosanitary issue with this crop is the high susceptibility of the grains to contamination by dangerous mycotoxins produced principally by the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium. In this experiment the antifungal activity of gobernadora (Larrea tridentata L.) extracts was evaluated on the in vitro growth of Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium sp. To evaluate the antifungal activity we used two techniques: the agar-well diffusion method with addition of 50 μL of the extract at four concentrations (100, 200, 400 and 600 mg/ mL) and the agar-dilution method. This consisted of making a homogeneous mixture of the extracts at a concentration of 100 mg/ mL and potato dextrose agar (PDA). The extract activity was reflected in the formation of an inhibition halo in the first technique and radial mycelial growth in the second. The results obtained from both techniques suggest clear antifungal effects, especially with ethanol and methanol extracts. These were highly efficient, showing minimal inhibitory concentrations that ranged from 3 to 7 mg/mL and achieving up to 100% inhibition of both fungi.

Keywords : extracts, fungi; mycotoxins; plant pathogens; postharvest.

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