Abstract

POSTLETHWAITE, Carlos A.. Seeing as We Cannot. Tópicos (México) [online]. 2021, n.60, pp.75-102.  Epub Feb 23, 2021. ISSN 0188-6649.  https://doi.org/10.21555/top.v0i60.1118.

The belief that Jastrow’s duck-rabbit (J) is both a duck-head and a rabbit-head drawing violates the Law of Non-Contradiction (LNC), as does the belief that J seems to be something independent of all the ways J can seem. Call the former belief B1 and the latter B2. I argue that B1 and B2 are rational, though contradictory beliefs, and conclude that we must reassess the LNC’s status of being a fundamental requirement for rationality. In contrast with B1 and B2, our experiences that correspond to said beliefs do comply with the LNC. That is: we cannot see J as both duck and rabbit at the same time (E1), nor does J seem something independent of the ways J can seem (E2). Since there is no satisfactory explanation for why we are not able to see J as the contradictions E1 or E2―even though our corresponding beliefs about J are the contradictions B1 and B2―I propose that the LNC is merely an empirical hypothesis concerning the limits of our perception.

Keywords : perception; cognition; true contradictions; law of non-contradiction; cognitive penetrability of perception; perceptual restrictions.

        · abstract in Spanish     · text in English     · English ( pdf )