Abstract

FARIAS TAPIA, Rubén et al. Effect of salinity and inorganic nitrogen of soils in phenols compounds and antioxidant capacity of Lycium berlandieri. Terra Latinoam [online]. 2019, vol.37, n.1, pp.81-90. ISSN 2395-8030.  https://doi.org/10.28940/tl.v37i1.388.

Polyphenolic compounds are antioxidant compounds present mainly in plants. Concentrations may differ in the same species located at different growing points since plants produce these compounds for protection against oxidative stress as a result of environmental factors that could affect them. This study determined the proximate composition, the concentration of polyphenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity in fruits of Lycium berlandieri collected in the three locations of the municipality of Juárez, Chihuahua (Riveras del Bravo, San Isidro and San Agustín), with the aim of evaluating the effect of inorganic nitrogen, alkalinity and salinity of the soil on the content of total phenolic and flavonoids compounds. The moisture content in the fruits of L. berlandieri ranged from 78.2 to 93.3%; the proximal composition of the fruit in dry weight indicated ash content of 3.6 to 5.3%, fats 0.9 to 6.7%, protein 9.0 to 15.4% and total carbohydrates 75.2 to 85.7%. In terms of polyphenolic compounds (in dry weight), fruits from San Agustín had the highest concentration of these compounds, particularly in total phenols 12 mg EAG (P = 0.002) and 9.02 mg EC in flavonoids (P = 0.001). Results of soil analysis indicated that the soil of San Agustín had the highest concentration of nitrates (88.51 mg kg-1) and a more saline soil (6.04 dS m-1). Overall, the results obtained showed that the differences in concentration of polyphenolic compounds in the fruits of L. berlandieri are related to soil salinity and availability of nitrates. Therefore, the soil of San Agustín in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua is optimal for the cultivation of L. berlandieri.

Keywords : total phenols; flavonoids; moisture; proximate composition; nitrate; salinity.

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