Abstract

AGUILAR CARPIO, Cid; ESCALANTE ESTRADA, José Alberto Salvador  and  AGUILAR MARISCAL, Immer. Analysis of maize growth and grain yield in a hot climate in function of genotype, biofertilizer and nitrogen. Terra Latinoam [online]. 2015, vol.33, n.1, pp.51-62. ISSN 2395-8030.

To reduce the cost of maize production and conserve the environment, it is necessary to replace or supplement chemical fertilizers with biofertilizers. However, in maize, biofertilizer ef fects on growth and grain yield have not been found. Thus, the objective of the study was to determine dry matter production, net assimilation rate, crop growth rate and grain yield of improved and native maize under irrigation and early sowing, in function of nitrogen and biofertilizer. The study was established in Iguala, Guerrero, on January 23, 2011. The native maize race "Vandeño" and the hybrid H-562 were sown. Treatments consisted of inoculation of seed with biofertilizer and application of 0, 80 and 160 kg N ha-1. To evaluate crop growth, the number of leaves and leaf area were recorded. With these data, the average rates of crop growth (CGR) and net assimilation (RNA) were calculated. At physiological maturity, total dry matter (DM) and grain yield (GY) was evaluated. In Vandeño, the use of biofertilizer and 160 kg N ha-1 increased DM during the growing season, but the GY increase was not significant. As for the rate and duration of leaf area, the highest was with 80 and 160 kg N ha-1, which caused the highest CGR but not the highest NAR. Regarding H-562, the highest production of total dry matter and grain yield was achieved with 160 kg N ha-1. This treatment also increased the rate and duration of leaf area, which generated the highest rate of crop growth and net assimilation.

Keywords : dry matter; leaf area; grain.

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