Abstract

IZCARA PALACIOS, Simón Pedro. Migratory Networks or Relative Deprivation: The Etiology of Emigration in Tamaulipas via the H-2A Program. Relac. Estud. hist. soc. [online]. 2010, vol.31, n.122, pp.245-278. ISSN 2448-7554.

The theories of migratory networks and relative deprivation emphasize factors related to the supply of labor because both take as their focus the communities of origin of migrants. These two approaches share the view that the new conditions that migration generates make additional movements more probable. Whereas network theory explains migration as a consequence of social capital, the relative deprivation model interprets migratory phenomena as a result of social inequality. Although migratory networks have been described as one of the most important explicative factors behind movements of this nature, in the case of rural laborers from the state of Tamaulipas who work in agricultural fields in the United States with H-2A visas, relative deprivation theory offers a more adequate explanation: workers from that state enter the H-2A program as a means of improving their situation in both relative terms and in comparison to their reference group.

Keywords : migratory networks; relative deprivation; H-2A program; rural workers; Tamaulipas.

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