Abstract

LIRA-TORRES, Ivan et al. Use and development of hunting wildlife at Zoque forest, Mexico. Acta Zool. Mex [online]. 2014, vol.30, n.1, pp.74-90. ISSN 2448-8445.

Subsistence hunting and habitat loss are two of the main human activities that have a negative effect on wildlife border settlement. In the present study, it was met the assumption of the great value and different uses that is given to wildlife in several communities of the Zoque Forest located in Mexico. During 2012 and early 2013 were made some visits to the region, to find and list the species richness, and uses that people make of them; describe the methods used, the preferred species and their frequency of hunting and harvesting of animals. A total of 202 animals were hunted by 13 participants hunters, mammals is the biological group most used, N = 13 species, birds are the second group, N = 4 species, and the less exploited is the reptiles group, N = 1 species. The exploitation of the reptiles group is pointed to food use, and in less rank in handicrafts, unlike the mammals and birds, which has a food, plague control, ornamental and medicinal use. The total animal biomass obtained during the study was 1900 kg. Total biomass harvested varied significantly among species (p > 0.001). The majority production of meat was obtained from: Pecari tajacu, Cuniculuspaca, Dasypus novemcinctus, Tapirus bairdii, Mazama temama y Tayassu pecari. Herding was the most widely used technique for capturing animals; there was also employed lurking in the animal's feeding sites, as well as in the population's places of work. The types of calibers in the weapons more used were 0.12, 0.16, 0.20 in shotguns and 0.22 in rifles. Subsistence hunting is a complementary activity to the farming and stockbreeding activities that rural populations in the Zoque Forest do. However, we need to continue performing monitoring sustainability of hunting.

Keywords : Exploitation; Mexico; Tropical rain forest; Sustainability; Zoque Forest; Wildlife.

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