Abstract

GUZMAN-RODRIGUEZ, L. F. et al. Biochemical profile of avocado (Persea americana Mill) foliar tissue and its relationship with susceptibility to mistletoe (Family Loranthaceae). Revista bio ciencias [online]. 2020, vol.7, e492.  Epub Nov 18, 2020. ISSN 2007-3380.  https://doi.org/10.15741/revbio.07.e492.

The avocado drymifolia is sensitive to the attack of mistletoe, while, “Hass” and “Mendez” exhibit tolerance. This difference could be related to the secondary metabolites produced by the plant. The biochemical profile of drymifolia, Hass and Mendez avocados was determined, as well as the relationship with mistletoe sensitivity/tolerance. Twenty-seven drymifolia individuals, one Hass and one Mendez, from three localities of Michoacan, Mexico, were evaluated. The extraction and analysis of the volatile compounds were carried out by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and the results were compared with the spectra of the NIST library. The most abundant secondary metabolites were estragole, caryophyllene, (+)-4-carene and γ-terpinene, with 95.0, 88.0 and 90.1 %, of the total of 116 compounds identified, in drymifolia, Hass and Mendez, respectively. In avocado Hass 1,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-2,5,5-trimethyl-2H-2,4aethanonaphthalene (0.84 %), α-Cubebene (0.33 %), 2,4,6-octatrienoic acid (0.24 %) and α-phellandrene (0.21 %) were identified and in Mendez, thymol (0.06 %) but these compounds were not identified in any avocado drymifolia. In addition, 2,5-bisbenzaldehyde showed 21.7X and 19.7X times more concentration in Hass and Mendez, respectively, than in drymifolia. The avocado drymifolia presented more secondary metabolites, but the most abundant compounds were shared in the three varieties. The secondary metabolites not found in avocado drymifolia could be related to mistletoe tolerance.

Keywords : Mexican creole avocado; Hass avocado; Mendez avocado; secondary metabolites; mistletoe.

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