Abstract

RAYA MONTANO, Yurixhi Atenea et al. Identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in avocado orchards of Uruapan, Michoacán. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2019, vol.10, n.spe23, pp.267-276.  Epub Nov 20, 2020. ISSN 2007-0934.  https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v0i23.2026.

The most important agricultural activity in Michoacán, Mexico, is avocado farming, which represents revenues of $30 265 787.40 pesos per year. The crop is extensive and based on conventional agricultural practices that affect the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. The objective of this study was to determine the diversity of species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in avocado orchards. Soil samples were collected in avocado orchards during the rainy season (August 2016). Soil samples (three subsamples per orchard) were taken from the upper horizon to 30 cm deep. In the laboratory, the spores were isolated from dry soil samples and morphologically identified. 15 morphic species AMF classified into eight genera and four families were recorded and described. 78.5% of the species belong to the families Glomeraceae and Diversisporaceae; the rest to Claroideoglomeraceae and Acaulosporaceae; the species Sclerocystis sinuosa, S. rubiformis, Funneliformis geosporum, F. mosseae, Acaulospora scrobiculata, Diversispora spurca and Entrophospora infrequens, previously reported in avocado cultures, were identified, while Glomus citrícola, G. macrocarpum, Septoglomus constrictum and Claroideoglomus claroideum, were identified. report for the first time in avocado. The presence of D. aurantia and Tricispora nevadensis is recorded for the first time in Mexico. Therefore, currently there is a great diversity of AMF in avocado orchards of Uruapan that must be conserved.

Keywords : Persea americana; monoculture; taxonomy.

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