Abstract

ACOSTA GALLEGOS, Jorge Alberto et al. Seed yield and disease reaction in Flor de Mayo bean type grown under irrigation and rainfed conditions. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc [online]. 2010, vol.1, n.1, pp.65-75. ISSN 2007-0934.

The 'Flor de Mayo' bean type is highly demanded by consumers in Central Mexico, its production takes place at the semiarid, El Bajio and the central plateau regions. The aim was to test a set of 14 bred lines plus two checks across 10 rainfed locations and four irrigated sites on the basis of seed yield, 100-seeds weight and disease reaction. Trials were conducted in the spring-summer season 2008 and fall-winter season 2008-2009. Data analyses were conducted including all test sites, and independently rainfed and irrigated sites. Different diseases attacked the crop across test sites; those widely distributed were common bacterial blight (Xanthomonas campestris pv phaseoli) and angular leaf spot (Phaeoisariopsis griseola); whereas anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) and downy mildew (Phythohpthora phaseoli) show a strong attack at Calera, Zacatecas and Celaya, Guanajuato, respectively. Average from the genotypes, the highest yield (4.15 t ha^-1) was obtained in Celaya under irrigated conditions and the lowest at Texcoco under rainfed conditions (0.90 t ha^-1). The overall analysis indicated highly significant effect (p<0.0001) of environment, genotype and interaction, but the largest contribution to the observed variation was due to location (91%) and the lowest to genotype (1%). The analyses on rainfed data show a lower effect of location (72%) and an increase in the effect of the interaction (25%) and in lower degree that of the genotype (3%). Out of fourteen trials, in six of them there were lines significantly superior (p<0.05) to the best check, Flor de Mayo Anita. Average from all trials, line FMB 08030 displayed the largest yield (2.06 t ha^-1). At all trials most of the lines displayed heavier seeds (p<0.05) that the checks. For seed yield, the effect of location was the most influential and under rainfed conditions the interaction location x genotype was important.

Keywords : Phaseolus vulgaris L.; disease reaction; genotype by location interaction; improved lines; 100- seed weight.

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