Abstract

BOLADO-MARTINEZ, E  and  GRUPO DE VIGILANCIA DE LA RESISTENCIA BACTERIANA EN HOSPITALES SONORA et al. Surveillance of bacterial resistance to antibiotics in health units in Hermosillo and Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico. Biotecnia [online]. 2022, vol.24, n.3, pp.132-139.  Epub June 19, 2023. ISSN 1665-1456.

The objective of this study was to analyze the antibiotic resistance percentages of bacteria collected from health units (HU) in Hermosillo and Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico. Eight HU from Hermosillo and three HU from Ciudad Obregón, nine belong to the public sector and two to the private sector. Overall, 15,653 results of identification and drug resistance from clinical bacterial isolates were analyzed for a one-year period (2019 - 2020). Subsequently, a comparative study was carried out for six health units in Hermosillo, for 2014 - 2015 and 2019 - 2020 periods. Differences between populations and time periods were assessed through the Chi square test, for differences among populations and time periods. Altogether, for the 2019 - 2020 period the most frequently isolated microorganisms were Escherichia coli (32.9 %), Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.4 %), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.6 %) and Staphylococcus aureus (6.6 %). Different resistance percentages to widely used drugs such as cephalosporins, quinolones and carbapenems were detected. A significant decrease in resistance percentages was observed, in six HU in Hermosillo, for most of the antibiotics tested in 2020, compared to 2015. Significative differences were found in antibiotic resistance between clinical isolates from Hermosillo and Ciudad Obregón, two cities that are separated by only 252 km (156 miles).

Keywords : Antibiotic resistance; Health institutions; Sonora; Mexico.

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