Abstract

RUSSO, Fiorella P.. Political subjects and emancipation: the Laclau / Žižek debate. Espiral (Guadalaj.) [online]. 2022, vol.29, n.85, pp.9-42.  Epub Oct 31, 2022. ISSN 1665-0565.

Signed by the Marxist heritage and the crisis of the subject of emancipation of the seventies, the theoretical stakes of Ernesto Laclau and Slavoj Žižek are involved in a tense debate about the political subjects capable of transforming capitalism. The objective of this work is to detect the battle lines that the problem of the political subjects of emancipation raises in these two theoretical devices and to provide a critical analysis of them.Along this path, the authors trace different drifts: while Laclau develops a theory of the constitution of collective identities based on the notions of the people and populism, Žižek replaces the class category and argues that in the chain of anti-system struggles there is one (the class struggle) that over-determines the horizon of the rest.

Keywords : political subjects; new critical theories; Laclau; Žižek; social classes.

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